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CERT Skills- Dallas!! Flashcards

1
Q

CERT stands for…

A

Community Emergency Response Team

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2
Q

EOP stands for…

A

Emergency Operations Plan

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3
Q

What is the EOP?

A

It describes how the community will function in an emergency

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4
Q

SOP stands for…

A

Standard Operating Procedures

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5
Q

What is SOP?

A

A set of written instructions that describes the step-by-step process that must be taken to properly perform a routine activity

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6
Q

What is Social Capital?

A

The value we place on our relationships with one another

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7
Q

What are some examples of a natural disaster?

A

Earthquakes, wildfires, floods, extreme heat

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8
Q

What are 2 examples of technological and accidental disasters?

A

Hazardous material spill and nuclear power plant accident

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9
Q

What are 3 examples of terrorism disasters?

A

Chemical accidents, nuclear accidents, and explosive weapons

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10
Q

What are the key elements to a disaster?

A
  • Unexpected (for the most part)
  • May overwhelm available response personnel + emergency services
  • Endanger lives, health, and environment
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11
Q

In a disaster, a CERT members first responsibility is to…

A

Ensure personal + family safety

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12
Q

CERT members may also volunteer in non-disaster roles. What is an example of a non-disaster function?

A

Staffing parades, health fairs, and other special events

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13
Q

What are the 5 types of disasters?

A

Natural, terrorist, home fires, pandemics, technological and accidental

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14
Q

Which of the following is NOT a hazard associated with home fixtures?
a. gas line ruptures
b. hazardous material spill
c. injury or electric shock
d. fire from faulty wiring

A

b. hazardous material spill

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15
Q

How many steps are involved in a CERT size-up?

A

9 steps

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16
Q

What are the steps to a CERT size-up?

A
  1. Gather facts
  2. Access + communicate damage
  3. Consider possibilities
  4. Assess your own situation
  5. Establish properties
  6. Make decisions
  7. Develop a plan of action
  8. Take action
  9. Evaluate progress
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17
Q

Should rescue be attempted in a heavy damage site?

A

No, too dangerous to enter

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18
Q

Should rescue be attempted in a moderate damage site?

A

Yes, but only quick, safe removals

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19
Q

Should rescue be attempted in a light damage site?

A

Yes, locate, access, continue size-up, and document

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20
Q

What are the 5 crucial steps when approaching a patient?

A
  1. Make sure the patient can see you
  2. Identify yourself (name + organization)
  3. Request permission to treat
  4. Respect cultural differences
  5. Be mindful of privacy (HIPAA)
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21
Q

When requesting permission to treat an unconscious patient it is…

A

assumed to have implied consent

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22
Q

HIPAA stands for…

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

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23
Q

What is HIPAA?

A

A law that protects a patients privacy

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24
Q

The average person has approximately __ liters of blood.

A

5

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25
True or False: Severe blood loss can result in irreversible shock
True
26
What are indications of life threatening bleeding?
Spurting/steady bleeding, blood is pooling, blood is soaking through overlying clothes, blood is soaking through bandages, amputation
27
What is the normal breath rate?
12-16 breaths per minute
28
What is the normal blood pressure?
120/80 mmHg
29
What is the normal heart rate?
60-100 beats per minute
30
Typically, how many stages of excessive bleeding are there?
4 stages
31
Name the following for the FIRST STAGE of severe bleeding: blood loss %, heart rate, blood pressure, breath rate, and patient status.
Less than 15% blood loss, normal heart rate, normal blood pressure, 14-20 breath rate, patient appears normal
32
Name the following for the SECOND STAGE of severe bleeding: blood loss %, heart rate, blood pressure, breath rate, and patient status.
15-30% blood loss, fast heart rate (>100bpm), slightly low blood pressure, 20-30 breath rate, patient may feel anxious
33
Name the following for the THIRD STAGE of severe bleeding: blood loss %, heart rate, blood pressure, breath rate, and patient status.
30-40% bloos loss, very fast heart rate (>120bpm), low blood pressure, 30-40 breath rate, patient may feel confused
34
Name the following for the FOURTH STAGE of severe bleeding: blood loss %, heart rate, blood pressure, breath rate, and patient status.
>40% blood loss, critical heart rate (>140bpm), critical blood pressure, >35 breath rate, patient may feel lethargic
35
Scenario: You respond to a call where someone accidentally cut their hand with a chainsaw. Your patient has a heart rate of 128 bpm, low blood pressure, 36 breath rate, and does not know their name. Based on your observations, what stage of severe bleeding are they at?
Third stage
36
What are the 3 types of bleeding?
Arterial, venous, and capillary
37
What is arterial bleeding? What does it look like?
Bleeding coming from an artery. Will spurt and will be bright red because it is oxygenated.
38
What is venous bleeding? What does it look like?
Bleeding coming from a vein. Will flow and be dark red because it is not oxygenated.
39
What is capillary bleeding? What does it look like?
Bleeding coming from a capillary (low pressure). Will ooze and is bright red in color.
40
What is the first thing you should try to control excessive bleeding?
Direct, constant pressure
41
If direct, constant pressure does not work you should _____ _ _________.
apply a tourniquet
42
What is shock?
A life threatening condition that occurs when the body is not getting enough blood flow.
43
What are the main signs of shock?
Rapid/shallow breathing, capillary refill > than 2 seconds, failure to follow simple commands
44
If your patient is in shock, ________ ____ ___________.
maintain body temperature
45
What are ways you can maintain body temperature?
Remove wet clothing, place something between the patient and the ground, wrap the patients in dry layers, shield patient from the wind.
46
What are things you can use to separate your patient from the ground?
Cardboard, blanket, or jacket
47
What is the recovery position?
Body laid on its side, bottom arm reached outward, top arm placed on bicep of bottom arm, head rested on hand, legs slightly bent, chin raised forward, and mouth pointed downward
48
What is the second step of a CERT size-up?
Access and communicate damage
49
What is the fifth step of a CERT size-up?
Establish properties
50
What is the eighth step of a CERT size-up?
Take action
51
What is the tenth step of a CERT size-up?
There is no tenth step
52
What 2 things you should do when moving someone into the recovery position when you suspect a spinal injury?
1. Support the head and neck when rolling them over 2. Do not move them more than necessary
53
What is the epidermis?
The outer layer of the skin that contains nerve endings and is penetrated by hairs
54
What is the dermis?
The middle layer of the skin that contains blood vessels, oil glands, hair follicles, and sweat glands
55
What is the subcutaneous?
The innermost layer of the skin that contains blood vessels and overlies the muscle
56
Superficial burns affect what layer of the skin?
Epidermis
57
What are signs of superficial burns?
Reddened dry skin, pain, possible swelling
58
Partial thickness burns affect what layer of the skin?
Epidermis and partial destruction of the dermis
59
What are signs of partial thickness burns?
Reddened blistered skin, wet appearance, pain, possible swelling
60
Full thickness burns affect what layer of the skin?
Complete destruction of the dermis and epidermis, possible destruction of the subcutaneous
61
What are signs of full thickness burns?
Whitened, leathery, or charred (brown/black); painful or relatively painless
62
The guidelines for treating heat burns are...
Cooling and dressing the burn
63
What should you do when cooling a heat burn?
1. Remove the patient from the burning source and remove clothing unless it is stuck to the skin 2. Cool skin and clothing if they are still hot: immerse them in cold water for more than 1 minute and covering them with cold compresses that have been soaked in cold water and sprung out *Do not ice because it can cause vessel constriction; rapid temperature changes can lead to shock
64
What should you do when dressing a heat burn?
1. Loosen clothing and remove jewelry if needed, but ALWAYS document what was taken off, by whom, and who it was given to 2. Cover loosely with dry, sterile dressings in order to keep air out, reduce pain, and prevent infection * when treating burns on hands and feet, wrap fingers/toes loosely and individually 3. Do not apply antiseptics, ointments, or other remedies 4. Do not remove shreds of tissues, break blisters, or remove adhered particles of clothing
65
True or False: Chemical burns are treated the same as heat burns
False
66
What should you do if you suspect a chemical burn?
1. Protect yourself from the substance 2. Remove affected jewelry/clothing 3. If the irritant is dry, brush away from the patient and yourself 4. Use cooling water to flush the chemical from the skin for at least 10 minutes 5. Apply a wet, cool compress to relieve pain 6. Cover the wound loosely with a dry sterile cloth (so that it does not stick!) * for chemical burns it is best to defer treatment to trained professionals

CERT Skills (4 decks)

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