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Basic Life Support Flashcards

1
Q

AED

A

Automated External Defibrillator

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2
Q

AP

A

Anteroposterior

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3
Q

BLS

A

Basic Life Support

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4
Q

CCF

A

Chest Compression Fraction

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5
Q

CPR

A

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

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6
Q

ECG

A

Electrocardiogram

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7
Q

ED

A

Emergency Department

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8
Q

EMS

A

Emergency Medical Services

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9
Q

LUD

A

Lateral Uterine Displacement

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10
Q

PAD

A

Public Access Defibrillation

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11
Q

PPE

A

Personal Protective Equipment

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12
Q

pVT

A

Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia

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13
Q

ROSC

A

Return of Spontaneous Circulation

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14
Q

T-CPR

A

Telecommunicator-assisted CPR

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15
Q

Only about __% of adult patients with nontraumatic cardiac arrest who are treated by emergency medical services survive to hospital discharge.

A

10

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16
Q

In adults, cardiac arrest is often sudden and frequently results from a cardiac cause. In children, however, cardiac arrest is often secondary to ____________ __________ and _______.

A

respiratory failure; shock

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17
Q

In which locations do most out-of-hospital cardiac arrests occur?

A

Homes

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18
Q

What is the Chain of Survival for a pediatric out-of-hospital case?

A

1) Prevention
2) Activation of Emergency Response
3) High-Quality CPR
4) Advanced Resuscitation
5) Post-Cardiac Arrest Care
6) Recovery

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19
Q

What is the Chain of Survival for an adult in-hospital case?

A

1) Early Recognition + Prevention
2) Activation of Emergency Response
3) High-Quality CPR
4) Defibrillation
5) Post-Cardiac Arrest Care
6) Recovery

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20
Q

What is the Chain of Survival for an adult out-of-hospital case?

A

1) Activation of Emergency Response
2) High-Quality CPR
3) Defibrillation
4) Advanced Resuscitation
5) Post-Cardiac Arrest Care
6) Recovery

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21
Q

What are agonal gasps?

A

Agonal gasps are involuntary and insufficient respirations that are caused by low oxygen in the blood, also known as hypoxia. This breathing is not normal breathing and indicates that someone is likely dying.

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22
Q

What should be happening while someone is finding a pulse?

A
  1. Someone has activated the emergency response system
  2. Someone has gone to get an AED
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23
Q

Which method should you use to open an airway when you suspect spinal trauma?

A

Jaw Thrust

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24
Q

Compression Rate

A

100-120 per min

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25
Compressions-to-Ventilations Ratio
30 compressions to 2 breaths `
26
What do you do when you need to perform CPR on a pregnant lady?
Perform CPR like normal. May do LUD to relieve pressure on major blood vessels if trained
27
What are the 2 methods to open the airway?
Head tilt-chin lift & jaw thrust
28
What are the rate and depth for chest compressions on an adult?
100-120 compressions per minute at a depth of at least 2 inches
29
Defibrillation means...
interrupting or stopping an abnormal heart rhythm by using controlled electrical shocks
30
What are signs of ROSC?
Breathing, coughing, or movement and a palpable pulse or measurable blood pressure
31
What are the 2 common placements of AED pads?
Anterolateral Placement & AP Placement
32
What are 2 life-threatening shockable rhythms?
pVT and Ventricular Fibrillation
33
What is pVT?
When the ventricles contract so quickly that there is no pulse
34
What is ventricular fibrillation?
When the heart's electrical activity is chaotic. The heart muscles quiver so rapidly and unsynchronized that the heart does not pump blood
35
In an infant, you check for a _______ pulse.
brachial
36
In a child, you check for a __________ or a __________ pulse
femoral; carotid
37
The brachial pulse is where?
Between the shoulder and elbow
38
The femoral pulse is where?
Just below the crease where the leg meets the torso
39
What are signs of poor perfusion?
- Cool temperature - Altered mental state (unconsciousness/no response) - Weak pulse Paleness, patchy appearance, blue lips/skin
40
If you have 2 rescuers what should your compression-to-ventilation ratio be for a 7 year old?
15:2
41
What are the 2 compression techniques for an infant?
2-finger and 2 thumb-encircling
42
For 2 rescuers which compression technique is best for an 8 month old?
2 thumb-encircling
43
True or false: Breaths are not needed for infant/child CPR
False, breaths are highly important in any CPR!!!
44
What should the compression depth be for a child?
1/3 of their chest (2 inches)
45
What should the compression depth be for an infant?
1/3 of their chest (1.5 inches)
46
How should you use an AED on a child>8 years?
The same as adults (with adult pads)
47
How should you use an AED on a child<8 years?
Use child pads with child shock if available
48
How should you use an AED on an infant?
Use a manual defibrillator if available. If not use an AED with child pads, if no child pads are available use adult pads with AP placement.
49
What victim would ONLY need rescue breaths?
Someone who has a pulse but is not breathing
50
What can happen when you give rescue breaths with too much force or too quickly?
Gastric Inflation
51
How many rescue breaths should you give to an adult?
1 breath every 6 seconds
52
How many rescue breaths should you give to a child/infant?
1 breath every 2-3 seconds
53
What are opioids?
A pain medication that is highly addictive
54
What should you do first if you suspect an opioid emergency?
Verify scene safety
55
What are signs of an opioid overdose?
- slow, shallow, or no breathing - choking or gurgling sounds - drowsiness or loss of consciousness - small, constricted pupils - blue skin, lips, or nails
56
What drug reverses the effects of opioids?
Naloxone
57
Naloxone can be injected 3 ways:
Intramuscular, intranasal, and intravenous
58
True or False: Heroin, morphine, and hydracone are ALL types of opioids.
True
59
Scenario: Your roommate uses opioids. You find him unresponsive with no breathing, but a strong pulse. You suspect an opioid overdose. A friend is calling 911 and looking for a naloxone autoinjector. What should you be doing?
Providing rescue breaths: 1 breath every 6 seconds
60
Scenario: You encounter an unresponsive 56 year old women who has been taking hydrocodone for postsurgical pain. She is not breathing and has no pulse. You notice an empty medication bottle near her. A colleague activates the emergency response system and is retrieving an AED and naloxone. What should you do next?
Begin CPR, starting with chest compressions
61
Every __ seconds a person has a heart attack
40
62
True or False: a heart attack is the same thing as a cardiac arrest
False
63
A heart attack is a _______ problem and a cardiac arrest is a ________ problem
blood flow; rhythm
64
Which of the following populations is most likely to show atypical signs of a heart attack, like shortness of breath and dizziness? a. white, middle-aged men b. individuals with diabetes c. younger-aged individuals d. people who are overweight
b. individuals with diabetes
65
What does F.A.S.T stand for?
Face dropping Arm weakness Speech difficulty Time to phone 911
66
How are rescue actions for a cardiac arrest due to drowning different from the rescue actions for a sudden cardiac arrest?
Unlike sudden cardiac arrest, the priority in drowning victims is to give the person oxygen
67
Where should epinephrine be injected?
On the person's thigh, about halfway between the hip and the knee
68
Anaphylaxis effects __ or more body systems
2
69
What is a stroke?
When blood stops flowing to a part of the brain
70
An ischemic stroke is...
when an artery in the brain is blocked
71
A hemorrhagic stroke is...
when a blood vessel bursts
72
What is the method used for signs of strokes?
F.A.S.T

CERT Skills (4 decks)

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