Cerebrum - LectureCapture Flashcards
Diencephalon contains what 2 structures?
Thalamus and hypothalamus
Telencephalon contains what 2 structures?
Cerebral cortex and subcortical regions
Cerebrum develops from the
Prosencephalon
Which structure grows to surround the other in development of the cerebrum?
Telencephalon surrounds the diencephalon
What is important about the cerebral cortex in relation to gyri and sulci?
Although there are gyri and sulci, the cerebrum remains one continuous sheet
What structure lies at the floor of the lateral fissure?
Insular lobe
Where is the amygdala located?
Medial temporal lobe
What region of cortex is the first to receive sensory input for any modality?
Primary sensory cortex (AKA postcentral gyrus)
What structure is the primary sensory cortex?
Postcentral gyrus
What is the primary motor cortex? (what is located there?)
UMNs for parts of the corticospinal and corticonuclear systems
What structure is the primary motor cortex?
Precentral gyrus
Frontal eye fields contain what?
UMN for CN 3,4,6
What is the purpose of the secondary association cortex?
To process complex information (to and from primary cortices)
What is the purpose of the tertiary association cortex?
To allow multiple sensory or motor systems to come together (like Wernicke’s area)
Visual input that is complex goes where to be processed?
From primary visual cortex to visual association cortex
Thalamocortical neurons (pathway and input)
Go from thalamus to cortex, have somatosensory input and motor input (cerebrocerebellar)
Interneurons (location and input)
Neurons with short projections within one region, filter incoming information
Corticocortical afferent neurons (function)
Travel from one cortical region to another (ex. primary sensory to secondary association)
Which neurons are for input to cortex?
Thalamocortical and corticocortical afferents
Corticospinal, corticobulbar, corticopontine
Large, pyramidal neurons that send info from cortex to the body
Corticocortical efferent neurons
Send info from one region of cortex to another
What 2 white matter tracts connect the cerebral hemispheres?
Corpus callosum and anterior commissure
Most brain volume is in what type of connections?
White matter
Internal capsule carries what projections?
Descending motor and ascending sensory
What are the unique functions of the supratentorial compartment?
Olfactory and visual systems, language, cognition, memory, emotional and behavioral regulation, hypothalamic and pituitary functions
MCA supplies (generally)
Lateral surface of cerebrum
Superior branch of MCA supplies
Frontal lobe and part of parietal lobe
Inferior branch of MCA supplies
Temporal lobe and part of parietal lobe
ACA supplies
Dorsolateral and medial frontal and parietal
PCA supplies
Ventral and lateral temporal and occipital
Watersheds are most problematic when
A cerebral artery is compromised
What is the temporal profile and onset of a tumor?
Focal and insidious
What is the temporal profile and onset of a seizure?
Focal, transient, and sometimes prodrome
Function of amygdala
Associative learning, fear and reward, stimulus response
Function of hippocampus
long-term memory, emotion, and stress response
Visual sensory nucleus
LGN
Auditory sensory nucleus
MGN
Somatosensory nuclei
VPL and VPM
Taste sensory nucleus
VPM
VL motor nucleus
Cerebrocerebellum
VA and VL motor nuclei
Feedback loop between cerebral cortex and basal ganglia
