Cerebrum Anatomy

Question 1

Transverse cerebral fissure

Answer 1

Separates cerebrum from cerebellum, contains tentorium cerebelli

Question 2

Longitudinal cerebral fissure

Answer 2

Contains falx cerebri (fold of drura)

Question 3

Sulci (2)

Answer 3

• lateral rhinal - separates rhinencephalon from rest of cerebrum
• cruciate - X-shaped, landmark for pre- and postcruciate gyri

Question 4

Gyri (2)

Answer 4

• precruciate
• postcruciate
• pyramidal motor cortex located here (which gyrus depends on species)

Question 5

Lissencephaly

Answer 5

Developmental problems due to decreased grooves and less neural tissue

Question 6

Clinical and anatomic terms for cerebrum

Answer 6

Clinical: forebrain = cerebrum + Tel + Di
Anatomic: cerebrum and brainstem are separate

Question 7

Frontal lobe function

Answer 7

Motor cortex and thought

Question 8

Parietal lobe function

Answer 8

Sensory and somesthetic cortex

Question 9

Temporal lobe function

Answer 9

Auditory cortex and memory/emotions (lesion -> deafness)

Question 10

Occipital lobe function

Answer 10

Visual cortex (lesion -> blindness)

Question 11

Cerebral gray matter

Answer 11

Cortical (surface) and Subcortical (under surface)

Question 12

Cerebral white matter

Answer 12

Deep to cortical gray matter

Question 13

White matter fiber systems (3)

Answer 13

• projection fibers
• association fibers
• commissural fibers

Question 14

Projection fibers

Answer 14

Ascending and descending tracts

Ex. Cerebrum -> brainstem -> spinal cord

Question 15

Association fibers (2)

Answer 15

• short or intralobar b/w adjacent gyri

- long or interlobar b/w lobes Ex. Cingulum

Question 16

Commissural fibers

Answer 16

Cross midline in both directions b/w hemispheres

• corpus callosum
• rostral commissure (olfaction)

Question 17

Subcortical nuclei

Answer 17

Internalized nuclei known as basal ganglia

Question 18

Corpus striatum is made up of what

Answer 18

Basal nuclei (anatomic term) + basal ganglia (historical term)

Question 19

Basal nuclei gray and white matter structures

Answer 19

-gray matter: caudate nucleus (afferent)
lenticular nucleus - putamen (afferent) and pallidum (efferent)
-white matter: internal capsule, external capsule

Question 20

Info that goes into the final common path of motor innervation. (4)

Answer 20

1) cortical projections
2) feedback circuits
3) basal ganglia output
4) descending output to spinal cord

Question 21

Rhinencephalon (“nose brain”) is derived from

Answer 21

Paleocortex

*lateral rhinal sulcus

Question 22

Olfactory pathway (3)

Answer 22

a) olfactory bulb - 1st synapse in pathway
b) olfactory tract - carries info to piriform lobe
c) piriform lobe - smelling occurs here

Question 23

Functions of limbic system

Answer 23

Pleasure, memory, basic behavior - rage, fear, sexuality, feeding, mating
-connected to olfactory

Question 24

Gray matter that wraps around rostral brainstem like a ring

Answer 24

Temporal lobe, fornix (white matter bundle), olfactory bulb and tract, mamillary body of hypothalamus (center for ANS)
*structures mediate emotional behavior and visceral or autonomic responses

Question 25

Hippocampus function

Answer 25

Memory processing (archicortex) - short term memory
*historic site for examining rabies inclusion bodies