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OTSEM2: Physdys 1 > Cerebrovascular Accident > Flashcards

Cerebrovascular Accident Flashcards

1
Q

A variety of disorders characterized by the sudden onset of neurological deficits caused by vascular injury to the brain

A

Cerebrovascular Accident

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2
Q

Epidemiology for CVA

A

Old > Young
M > F
Blacks > Whites

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3
Q

Give at least 3 non-modifiable risk factors for CVA

A

Race
Age
Sex
Family hx
hx of stroke

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4
Q

Give at least 3 modifiable risk factors for CVA

A

Cigarette smoking (nicotine - vasoconstrictor - ↑ BP)
Hypercholesterolemia (low density lipoproteins)
Obesity
HTN
DM (↑ glucose = thicken blood)
Asymptomatic Carotid Bruit (partial blockage - atheroma)
Transient Ischemic Attach (mini heart attack)

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5
Q

Etiology of CVA

A

Ischemic (blockage)
Hemorrhagic (rupture)

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6
Q

Classifications of Ischemic stroke

A

Thrombotic
Embolic
Lacunar

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7
Q

known as a localized blood clot

A

Thrombus

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8
Q

Most common classification of Ischemic stroke d/t gradual build up of clot/blockage

A

Thrombotic

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9
Q

Most commonly affected artery in thrombotic ischemic stroke

A

MCA

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10
Q

Differentiate Atherosclerosis vs Arteriosclerosis

A

Atherosclerosis (build-up of plaque)

Arteriosclerosis (hardening of arteries), usually brought about by age

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11
Q

Abrupt type of ischemic stroke that is secondary to dislodging of thrombus from heart to brain

A

Embolic

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12
Q

Type of stroke that affects perforating arteries/ small vessels (mvmt disorder)

A

Lacunar

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13
Q

Type of stroke that affects LARGE BV (gradual onset) and usually occurs at night

A

Thrombotic

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14
Q

Type of stroke that affects SMALLBV (sudden onset) and usually occurs during daytime activity

A

Embolic

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15
Q

two types of hemorrhagic stroke

A

Intracerebral (ICH)
Subarachnoid (SAH)

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16
Q

type of stroke that is chronic d/t prolonged HTN that commonly affects the PUTAMEN

A

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

17
Q

type of aneurysm that occurs in SMALL BV that commonly affects the PUTAMEN

A

Charcot-Bouchard Aneurysm

18
Q

type of aneurysm that occurs in MEDIUM TO LARGE BV that commonly affects the TUNICA ADVENTITIA

A

Saccular/ Berry Aneurysm

19
Q

Triad for Arteriovenous Malformation

A

Hemorrhage
Seizure
Migraine

20
Q

First major branch of the ICA

A

Opthalmic artery

21
Q

Identify if ACA/MCA/PCA
Medial side of frontal and Parietal lobe

A

ACA

22
Q

Identify if ACA/MCA/PCA
Lateral side of frontal, parietal, and temporal lobe

A

MCA

23
Q

Identify if ACA/MCA/PCA
Medial side of temporal and occipital

A

PCA

24
Q

Identify 4 arteries that supply the brainstem and cerebellum

A

Basilar a.
PICA (Posteroinferior cerebellar artery)
AICA (Anteroinferior cerebellar artery)
SCA (Supra/Superior cerebellar artery)

25
Q

Components of circle of Willis

A

Anterior Cerebral Arteries
Posterior Cerebral Arteries
Anterior Communicating Artery
Posterior Communicating Arteries
*Internal Carotid Arteries

26
Q

Identify what vascular syndrome is identified according to affectation
(ICA/MCA/ACA/PCA)

  • Monocular blindness (L/R)
  • Aphasia
  • UE > LE
A

ICA

27
Q

Identify what vascular syndrome is identified according to affectation
(ICA/MCA/ACA/PCA)

UE and Face > LE
Dysphagia
Hemianopsia

A

MCA

28
Q

Right or Left MCA?

____ : pt is unaware of impairments
____ : pt is aware of impairments

A

Right non dominant (more problematic)
Left dominant

29
Q

Identify what vascular syndrome is identified according to affectation
(ICA/MCA/ACA/PCA)

LE > UE
Apraxia
Urinary incontinence
Abulia (Akinetic mutism)
(+) grasp reflex/ sucking reflex

A

ACA

30
Q

Identify what vascular syndrome is identified according to affectation
(ICA/MCA/ACA/PCA)

Central post-stroke syndrome
Neuropathic pain
Memory deficit
Visual impairment
Prosopagnosia
Visual Agnosia
Dyschromatopsia
Alexia s agraphia

A

PCA

31
Q

What are the 5 brainstem strokes (W,B,Li,Mg,W)

A

Weber: medial basal MB (CN3)
Benedict: tegmentum of the MB (CN3)
Locked-in: bilateral basal (all pons)
Millard-gubler: lateral pons (CN5, CN7)
Wallenberg: lateral medulla (CN5)

32
Q

Enumerate the 7 stages of recovery of Brunnstrom

A
  1. Flaccidity
  2. Beginning spasticity
  3. Peak of spasticity - hardest
  4. Declining spasticity
  5. Further decline
  6. Disappearance of spasticity
  7. Fully recovered

OTSEM2: Physdys 1 (10 decks)

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