Cerebrovascular Flashcards
The essential energy source for neurons
Glucose
Necrosis of neurons undergoes within……….. after hypoxia
3-5min
Global brain ischemia: 4 etiologies
- Low perfusion (atherosclerosis); 2. Chronic hypoxia (anemia); 3. Acute decr. in blood pressure (shock); 4. Repeated episodes of hypoglycemia (insulinoma).
Mild global brain ischemia
Transient confusion with prompt recovery.
Moderate global brain ischemia. What parts (3) are affected?
Infarcts in watershed areas. Damage highly vulnerable regions: pyramidal neurons in CEREBRAL CORTEX and HIPPOCAMPUS. Purkinje layer in cerebellum.
Severe global brain ischemia
Diffusive necrosis –> vegetative state
Pyramidal neurons in CEREBRAL CORTEX damage leads to …………..
Laminar necrosis. Pyramidal neurons are in layers 3,5,6.
Pyramidal neurons in HIPPOCAMPUS damage leads to ………..
Affected long term memory
Purkinje layer in cerebellum damage leads to ………….
It integrates sensory perception with motor control. So it’s damaged.
Most commonly affected artery in thrombotic stroke
MCA
What areas are tended to be affected in hypoxic ischemic stroke?
Watershed zones
What infarct is in thrombotic stroke?
Pale
What infarct is in thromboembolic stroke?
Haemorrhagic
where is bleeding in subarachnoid hemorrhage?
To subarachnoid space
EPIDURAL HEMATOMA. PLACE AND VESSEL?
Between skull and dura mater. MIDDLE MENINGEAL ARTERY.
