cerebral palsy Flashcards
what is cerebral palsy?
group of permanent neuro disorders
brain disease that causes paralysis (loss of msk fx)
affects movement, posture causing limitation
what does cerebral palsy affect?
1) motor fx
2) sensation
3) perception
4) communication
5) cognition
6) behavior
7) secondary msk prob
8) epilepsy
what are risk factors to cerebral palsy?
- intrauterine exposure to maternal chorioaminionitis
- hypoxia
- born before 28wks and low birth wt
- perinatal stroke
- multiple births
- low apgar score
- jaundice
- seizure
- blood type incomp
- infection
what is the etiology of cerebral palsy?
results from :
- existing prenatal brain abnormalities
- genetic factors
- clotting disorders
- brain malformation
- vascular occlusion
- atrophy/loss of neurons
- degeneration that causes narrower gyri, wider sulci
what are the 4 types of CP?
1) spastic
2) dyskinetic
3) ataxic
4) mixed (combo of spastic and dyskenitic)
what is spastic CP?
results from damage to cerebral cortex whcih can lead to msk tightness, jerky movements, and joint stiffness
can affect different part of the body: diplegia, hemipelagia, quadripelagia
what is dyskinetic CP?
kids w dyskinetic Cp have trouble controlling muscle movements and may experience involuntary twitching, this can result from the damage of the basal ganglia
what is ataxic CP?
damage to the cerebellum, which is responsible for balance and posture control, coordination, motor learning , and cognitive fx
what are early warning signs of CP?
- failure to meet milestone
- persistent primitive reflexes
- poor head control and clenched fist after 3 mo
- stiff or rigid arms
- arching back
- inability to sit up without support by 8mo
- using only one side of body
- feeding diff
- persistent gaging or chocking when fed
- extreme irritability/crying
- failure to smile by 3 mo
- lacks of interest in surroundings
- sleeping prob
what are the dx test related to CP?
- risk factor evaluation
- developmental monitoring
- developmental screening
- neuro exam and hx
- neuroimaging
- metabolic and genetic testing
what are some prevention methods during pregnancy?
- avoid exposure to infections or viruses
- keep up to date w vaccines
- control underlying health cond
- avoid smoking and drugs
- identify potential rh factor incompatibility
- attend regular check-ups
what are some prevention methods during labour?
- provide calm environment during delivery
- monitor fetal HR
what are some prevention methods postpartum?
- vaccinate bb
- use correct car seat
- crib w bed rails
what are the goals?
- achieve max movement abiltiy and absence of contractures
- achieve reduction in msk spams
- achieve max capacity to participate in adls
- maintain body wt
what are some things to keep in mind/teaching?
- energy expenditure is high → provide rest periods
- ensure good nutritional intake
- oral care encourage independence
- multidisciplinary team involvement
- protective helmet
- adapted home envrionment
- recreation and after school activities
