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CT Imaging Procedures > Cerebral Imaging (13) > Flashcards

Cerebral Imaging (13) Flashcards

1
Q

CT Head: Brain Tissue Algorithm/Windowing

A

80/30 to match approx HU of brain matter

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2
Q

First Imaging Study for initial evaluation of Stroke

A

CT Head WO

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3
Q

Ischemic stroke–definition/cause
(& CT Presentation)

A

Sudden interruption in blood flow to brain caused by bloackage in artery
(localized areas of hypodensity/darkening)

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4
Q

Hemorrhagic Stroke
(& CT presentation)

A

Sudden interruption in blood flow to the brain caused by intracranial bleeding (noted by localized areas of hyperdensity/brightness)

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5
Q

Intracranial hemorrhage: Subdural

A

Banana-shape
Follows curve of cranium

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6
Q

Intracranial hemorrhage: Epidural (2)

A

Almost always caused by trauma & assoc’d w/skull fracture
Convex shape: bulges out into brain matter

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7
Q

Intracranial hemorrhage: Subarachnoid

A

Usually caused by ruptured aneurysm in the COW

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8
Q

Intracranial hemorrhage: Hemorrhagic Stroke

A

Intracerebral

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9
Q

Astrocytoma
Meduloblastoma

A

Primary malignant brain tumor example

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10
Q

Meningioma
Acoustic Neuroma

A

Most common benign brain tumors

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11
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head: Purpose

A

Examine arterial structures in brain, esp Circle of Willis

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12
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head: Indications (examples)

A

Vascular abnormalities (e.g., aneurysm, vascular lesion)

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13
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head: Scan Type

A

Helical

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14
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head: Slice Parameters

A

0.625mm slices w matching/overlapping interval to view small vascular changes

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15
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head: Gantry Tilt

A

None

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16
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head: Contrast
Rate
Direction
Timing

A

Injected at 4+ mL/sec
Direction of blood flow: inferior to superior
Bolus timing/tracking

17
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head: Algorithm

A

Standard: 400/40
(Does not follow normal windowing for brain d/t interest in vessels, not brain matter)

18
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head: Common Reformats/Rendering

A

Coronal MPR
3D

19
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head: Stroke (2)

A

Not indicated for initial eval since Sx may be caused by vascular changes below head
Commonly requested after CT head WO shows subarachnoid hemorrhaging

20
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head & Neck: Purpose (primary arterials)

A

Examine arterial structures in brain/supplying blood to brain
E.g., Internal carotid, vertebral aa

21
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head & Neck: Indications (4)

A

Suspected stroke
Dissection
Aneurysm
Assess vascular supply after neck trauma
Etc

22
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head & Neck: Scan Type

A

Helical

23
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head & Neck: Slice Parameters

A

1.25mm w matching/overlapping interval to view small vascular changes
(slightly thicker than CTA Head since section scanned is larger)

24
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head & Neck: Gantry Tilt

A

None

25
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head & Neck: Contrast
Rate
Direction
Timing

A

Injected at 4+ mL/sec
Scanned in direction of blood flow: inferior to superior
Timed using bolus timing/tracking

26
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head & Neck: Algorithm

A

Standard: 400/40

27
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head & Neck: Common Reformats

A

Coronal MPR
3D

28
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head & Neck: Vascular Pathologies (4)

A

Thrombosis
Stenosis
Aneurysm
Dissection

29
Q

CT Angiography (CTA) Head & Neck: Filling Defect (for example: d/t)

A

Occurs when contrast is not able to completely fill lumen of vessel (e.g., d/t thrombus)

30
Q

MIP

A

Maximum Intensity Projection: Images display the max HU within the slice instead of the average d/t increased visibility of contrast-filled vessels (creates 3D appearance)

31
Q

VR

A

Volume Rendering: allows multiple tissues to be displayed together with different colors/transparencies

32
Q

CT Head Venogram: Purpose

A

Image venous structures of brain: sinuses

33
Q

CT Head Venogram: Indications (4)

A

Cerebral sinus (venous) thrombosis (primary pathology for CT Head)
Stroke (if blood can’t flow out of brain correctly, it can’t flow in correctly)
Mental Status Change
Sinusitis

34
Q

CT Head Venogram: Scan Type

A

Helical

35
Q

CT Head Venogram: Slice Parameters

A

2.5mm slices w matching interval

36
Q

CT Head Venogram: Gantry Tilt

A

None

37
Q

CT Head Venogram: Contrast
Direction
Prep Time

A

In direction of venous blood flow (superior to inferior)
45sec post injection

38
Q

CT Head Venogram: Algorithm

A

Standard: 400/40

39
Q

CT Head Venogram: Reformats

A

Sagittal/Coronal MPR

CT Imaging Procedures (11 decks)

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