Cardiovascular Imaging (16)

Question 1

CTA Abdomen Pelvis: Indications (3)

Answer 1

Known or suspected aneurysm
Aortic injury
Anomaly in the aorta or it’s branches

Question 2

CTA Abdomen Pelvis: Scan Type

Answer 2

Helical

Question 3

CTA Abdomen Pelvis: Slice Parameters

Answer 3

2.5mm w/matching interval

Question 4

CTA Abdomen Pelvis: Gantry Tilt

Answer 4

None

Question 5

CTA Abdomen Pelvis: Contrast
Volume
Timing
Rate
Scan direction

Answer 5

150 mL IV
bolus tracking
Minimum 4mL/s
Superior to Inferior (direction of blood flow)

Question 6

CTA Abdomen Pelvis: Algorithm

Answer 6

Standard: 400/40

Question 7

AAA

Answer 7

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Question 8

AAA commonly leads to/presents with (3)

Answer 8

Dissection
Rupture
Mural Thrombosis

Question 9

Thrombus attached to vessel wall–typically from blood stasis

Answer 9

Mural Thrombosis

Question 10

Abdominal Aorta Branches (Sup–>Inf)

Answer 10

1:Celiac Trunk–trifurcates into splenic artery, left gastric artery, hepatic artery
2: Superior Mesenteric Artery
3: Renal Arteries
4: Inferior Mesenteric Artery
5: Common Iliac Bifurcation

Question 11

Z-Axis Resolution

Answer 11

Resolution in Sag/Cor images

Question 12

Using thicker source images (e.g., >1.25mm) typically results in blurry _______ appearance

Answer 12

Stair-step

Question 13

CTA Run-Off (“Abdominal Aorta and Bilateral Iliofemoral Lower Extremity Runoff”)

Answer 13

Demonstrates full extent of arterial structures from diaphragm through ankles

Question 14

CTA Run-Off: Indications (6)

Answer 14

Leg Pain
Claudication
PVD
Diabetes
Non-healing Ulcers
AAA
Weak Pulses in LE

Question 15

CTA Run-Off: Scan Type

Answer 15

Helical

Question 16

CTA Run-Off: Slice Thickness

Answer 16

1.25 mm

Question 17

CTA Run-Off: Gantry Tilt

Answer 17

None

Question 18

CTA Run-Off: Contrast
Volume
Timing
Rate
Direction

Answer 18

150mL
Bolus Tracking (or timing)
4mL/s
Superior to Inferior (direction of blood flow)

Question 19

CTA Run-Off: Placement of Bolus Tracker

Answer 19

Aorta at level of renal arteries

Question 20

CTA Run-Off: Algorithm

Answer 20

Standard 400/40

Question 21

CTA Run-Off: Pathologies Demonstrated (3+bonus)

Answer 21

Thrombus
Aneurysm
Dissection
Above associated conditions such as: Organ Infarct

Question 22

MIP/VR images should be created from the thinnest available source images: usually a max of _______ mm with _______ mm interval

Answer 22

1.25mm
0.625mm

Question 23

CTA Coronary Arteries: Indications (3+)

Answer 23

Coronary Anomalies
Heart Ds
CP
Etc.

Question 24

CTA Coronary Arteries: Scan Type

Answer 24

Helical

Question 25

CTA Coronary Arteries: Slice Thickness

Answer 25

0.625 mm

Question 26

CTA Coronary Arteries: Gantry Tilt

Answer 26

None

Question 27

CTA Coronary Arteries: Contrast Volume Timing Rate Direction

Answer 27

100-150 mL Bolus Tracking 4-5 mL/s Sup-->Inf (direction of blood flow)

Question 28

CTA Coronary Arteries: Algorithm

Answer 28

Standard 600/60

Question 29

CTA Coronary Arteries: Reformations

Answer 29

Curved & MIP commonly used to better visualize the coronary arteries

Question 30

EKG is used in order to capture images during specific phases of heart contraction, namely _______ _______

Answer 30

ventricular diastole

Question 31

Prospective Gating

Answer 31

Scans only during the specific phase of heart contraction

Question 32

Retrospective gating

Answer 32

Collects image info during all phases and retrospectively reconstructs this data at desired phase of contraction

Question 33

Medications commonly given prior to Cardiac Imaging

Answer 33

Beta-blockers Sublingual NTG

Question 34

Benefit of Beta-blockers for cardiac imaging

Answer 34

Slow HR (<65 bpm) Prevent arrhythmias

Question 35

Benefit of sublingual NTG

Answer 35

Dilates coronary arteries Prevents vascular spasms that mimic appearance of vascular disease

Question 36

Curved Reformations

Answer 36

Display entire (tortuous) vessel in the same plane

Question 37

CTA Abdomen/Pelvis: bolus tracker placement

Answer 37

aorta at level of diaphragm

Question 38

CTA Abdomen Pelvis: FOV

Answer 38

Above the level of the diaphragm to level of pubic symphysis

Question 39

CTA Abdominal Aorta: FOV

Answer 39

Almost always includes pelvis; always includes abdomen

Question 40

CTA Coronary Arteries: ROI placement

Answer 40

Base of the ascending aorta (where cardiac arteries branch off)

Question 41

CTA Coronary Arteries: Utility of 600/60

Answer 41

Slightly less contrast, slightly darker image