Cerebral Hemispheres Flashcards
Where is the grey and white matter located on a brain?
Grey matter on the surface
White matter inside
What are basal ganglia?
Collection of neuronal cell bodies buried in the white matter
What are the names given to the dips and the elevations in the brain?
Dips - sulci or fissure if larger dips
Elevation - gyrus
Where are the 3rd and 4th ventricles located?
3rd - within the diencephalon
4th - pons and medulla infront and the cerebellum behind
What is the structure that connects the two hemishperes?
Corpus callosum - lots of commisural fibres
What is the name of the fissure that separates the cerebral hemisphere and the cerebellum?
Transverse fissure
Where is the parietal lobe in relation to the central sulcus?
Parietal lobe is behind the central sulcus
What does the lateral/sylvian fissure separate the temporal lobe from?
The frontal lobe and the parietal lobe
What are the structures labelled?
When is the parieto-occipital sulcus present?
Present on cross section
Look
Where is the insular cortex found in the brain?
It is a portion of the cerebral cortex folded deep within the lateral sulcus (the fissure separating the temporal lobe from the parietal and frontal lobes)
What are the functions of the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the occipital lobe and the temporal lobe?
Frontal lobe: Motor function and intellect
Parietal lobe: Somatosensory
Occipital lobe: Vision
Temporal lobe: Hearing and smell
In the brain, where is motor function, sensory function and the limbic system?
Anterior portion of cerebral hemisphere: Motor function
Medial portions of cerebral hemispheres: Limbic system (storage and retrieval of processed information)
Posterior portion: sensory
What is brodmann area 4?
Precentral gyrus - primary motor cortex, somatotopic representation of contralateral half of body (motor homunculus)
What are Brodmann areas 44 and 45?
Inferior frontal gyrus
Broca’s area of motor speech
What is the prefrontal cortex responsible for?
Cognitive functions of higher order- intellect, judgement, prediction, planning.
What are Broddmans area’s 1,2 and 3?
Post central gyrus - primary sensory area
Receives general sensations from contralateral half of body
Where in the brain do the following functions occur?
- Interpretation of general sensory information (sensory association area)
- Conscious awareness of contralateral half of the body
Superior parietal lobule
What is the inferior parietal lobule responsible for?
It is the interaface between the somatosensory cortex and visual and auditory association areas
Contributes to language function in dominant hemisphere