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Nervous System > Cerebral Hemispheres > Flashcards

Cerebral Hemispheres Flashcards

1
Q

Which part of the cerebral hemisphere is sensory and which part is motor?

A

Posterior - sensory

Anterior - motor

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2
Q

Limbic system is involved in

A

storage and retrieval of processed information

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3
Q

Where is the primary motor cortex?

A

Frontal lobe, precentral gyrus

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4
Q

Function of primary motor cortex

A

Somatotopic representation of contralateral half of the body

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5
Q

Location of Broca’s area of motor speech

A

Inferior frontal gyrus (of dominant hemisphere)

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6
Q

Brodmann area location of Broca’s area

A

area 44, 45

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7
Q

Functions of prefrontal cortex

A

Cognitive functions of higher order e.g. intellect, judgement, prediction, planning

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8
Q

Location of somatosensory cortex

A

Postcentral gyrus of parietal lobe

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9
Q

Function of post central gyrus

A

Primary sensory area - receives general sensations from contralateral half of the body

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10
Q

Function of superior parietal lobule

A

Interpretation of general information and conscious awareness of contralateral half of body

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11
Q

Function of inferior parietal lobule

A

Interface between somatosensory cortex and visual and auditory association areas
Contributes to language functions in dominant hemisphere

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12
Q

Location of primary auditory cortex

A

Superior temporal gyrus, areas 41, 42

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13
Q

Location of Wernicke’s area

A

Temporal lobe of dominant hemisphere

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14
Q

Functions of Wernicke’s area

A

Understanding spoken word

Connection with other language areas

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15
Q

Function of inferior surface of temporal lobe

A

Receives fibres from olfactory tract to allow conscious appreciation of smell

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16
Q

Location of primary visual cortex

A

Medial surface of occipital lobe on either side of calcarine sulcus

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17
Q

Occipital lobe function

A

Interpretation of visual images

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18
Q

Components of limbic lobe

A

Cingulate gyrus
Hippocampus
Parahippocampal gyrus
Amygdala

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19
Q

Forebrain consists of

A

bilaterally paired diencephalon and cerebral hemispheres

20
Q

Where is the cerebral hemisphere derived from embryologically

A

Embryological telencephalon

21
Q

Diencephalon components

A

Epithalamus
Thalamus
Subthalamus
Hypothalamus

22
Q

Lobes of the cerebral hemisphere

A

Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal

23
Q

What divides the cerebral hemisphere into its lobes?

A

Gyri and sulci

24
Q

What separates the temporal from the frontal and parietal lobes?

A

Lateral fissure

25
Q

What portion of the hypothalamus can be seen externally?

A

Ventral portion

26
Q

The hypothalamus extends medially and ventrally to the

A

subthalamus

27
Q

Function of hypothalamus

A

Influence on activity of ANS
Connections with limbic system
Neuroendocrine function

28
Q

Lateral wall of the third ventricle is formed by

A

the thalamus and hypothalamus

29
Q

Dorsal aspects of the thalamus form

A

part of the floor of the body of the lateral ventricle

30
Q

Stria terminalis marks the boundary between

A

thalamus and caudate

31
Q

Highest level in the brain for control of movement is

A

the primary motor cortex

32
Q

Site of termination of the pathways carrying modalities of touch, pressure, pain and temperature from opposite side of body

A

primary somatosensory cortex

33
Q

What is lateralisation?

A

Localisation of brain function to either the left or right side of the brain, resulting in one hemisphere being more dominant than the other

34
Q

Motor speech area

A

Broca’s area

35
Q

What is aphasia?

A

Communication disorder due to damage to one or more sensory areas in the brain

36
Q

What kid of aphasia will be present due to damage to Broca’s area?

A

Expressive aphasia - patients understands speech and what they want to say but are unable to coordinate this into speech

37
Q

What kind of aphasia will be present due to damage to Wernicke’s area?

A

Receptive aphasia - speech is fluent but will not make sense, patients won’t understand speech and will be unaware of their own mistakes

38
Q

The cerebral hemispheres are connected by

A

corpus callosum

39
Q

The corpus callosum facilitates

A

communication between the two sides of the brain

40
Q

What kind of matter is in the corpus callosum?

A

White matter

41
Q

Fibres in the corpus callosum

A

commisural (transverse)

42
Q

Function of association fibres

A

Connect regions of the same hemisphere

43
Q

Function of projection fibres

A

Connect regions of the brain to other part of the brain or spinal cord

44
Q

Basal ganglia are a collection of

A

neuronal cell bodies at the base of the brain

45
Q

Components of basal ganglia

A 
Caudate nucleus 
Putamen 
Globus pallidus 
Lentiorm nucleus 
Substantia nigra 
Subthalamic nucleus
46
Q

Main basal ganglia

A

Caudate nucleus

Lentiform nucleus

Nervous System (44 decks)

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