Cerebral Hemisphere Functions & Locations Flashcards
What is the frontal lobe responsible for?
Executive. Responsible for initiating the motor/behavioral responses to the information collected.
What is the parietal/occipital lobe responsible for?
Where. shape, form, texture, color, moving or not moving - connects with the prefrontal cortex and temporal/occipital cortex to tell events that are occurring.
What is the temporal/occipital lobe responsible for?
What. Connects to the parietal/occipital cortex, prefrontal cortex, oribitofrontal cortex, hippocampus (memory) and amygdala (emotion) to tell what is occurring.
What is the insular cortex involved in?
Visceral functions such as smell, taste, and pain.
The inability to understand or recognize the significance of sensory stimuli, although the sensory pathways and the primary sensory cortex are intact. Therefore, the lesion is related to cortical association areas (somesthetic, visual, auditory).
Agnosia
The patient finds it impossible to correlate the surface texture, shape, size, and weight of an object and to compare the sensation with previous experience. Occurs with lesions involving the parietal association cortex (left or right).
Tactile agnosia
The inability to recognize objects that cannot be attributed to a defect of visual acuity or to intellectual impairment; the patient fails to relate present to past visual experiences, with the result that the patient fails to recognize what is seen and appreciate its significance (what). Occurs with lesions involving the visual association cortex (left or right).
Visual agnosia
A condition in which a patient with unimpaired hearing fails to recognize or appreciate a meaning with a perceived sound. Occurs with lesions involving the auditory association cortex .
Auditory agnosia
A loss of disease awareness. Occurs with lesions involving the parietal lobule on the right side.
Anosognosia
The inability to carry out a motor action in response to a verbal (written) request in the absence of paresis/paralysis, sensory abnormality, comprehension deficit, or disturbance of coordination (ataxia). Generally associated with the dominant cerebral hemisphere (left).
Apraxia
A defect in language processing caused by brain lesions, not caused by mental deficits, disturbances in sense organs, or paralysis of muscles for speech; develop as a consequence of lesions in the dominant cerebral hemisphere; most cases are caused by stroke, head injury, cerebral tumors, or degenerative dementia such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Aphasia
Problem in formulation of speech (articulated speech).
Expressive aphasia (Broca’s aphasia; non-fluent aphasia [motor aphasia]; verbal apraxia or dyspraxia)
A form of auditory agnosia in which the patient fails to recognize or comprehend the meaning of known words - “word deafness“.
Receptive aphasia (Wernicke’s aphasia or fluent aphasia [auditory aphasia])
