Cerebellum Neuroanatomy

Question 1

The cerebellum (or small brain) lies in the posterior _________.

Answer 1

cranial fossa

Question 2

Like the cerebrum, the cerebellum has a superficial layer of grey matter, the ___________.

Answer 2

cerebellar cortex

Question 3

The cerebellum weighs about ___ g in the adult/ __% the weight of the cerebral hemispheres

Answer 3

150 g, 10%

Question 4

The ________ lies behind the pons and the medulla.

Answer 4

cerebellum

Question 5

The cerebellum is separated from the cerebrum by a fold of dura mater called the_________ _______

Answer 5

tentorium cerebelli.

Question 6

The cerebellum consists of a part lying near the midline called the______,and of two lateralhemispheres

Answer 6

vermis

Question 7

On each side of the cerebellum the vermis is separated from the corresponding cerebellar hemisphere by a___________

Answer 7

paramedian sulcus.

Question 8

The cerebellum has two surfaces -________ and ________

Answer 8

superiorandinferior.

Question 9

On the inferior aspect, the two hemispheres are separated by a deep depression called the_____.

Answer 9

vallecula

Question 10

On the superior aspect, there is no line of distinction between ve__is and hem__pheres.

Answer 10

vermis and hemispheres.

Question 11

Anteriorly and posteriorly the hemispheres extend beyond the vermis and are separated by anterior and posterior cer__llar not__es

Answer 11

cerebellar notches

Question 12

The cerebella surface is marked by a series of fissures that run more or less parallel to one another.
The fissures subdivide the surface of the cerebellum into narrow leaf like bands orFo_ia.

Answer 12

folia

Question 13

The fissures divide the cerebellum intolobeswithin which smallerlob_esmay be recognized

Answer 13

lobules

Question 14

The deepest fissures in the cerebellum are:

i. the pr__ary fissure on the superior surface

and

II. Poste__lateral fissure seen on the inferior aspect

These fissures divide the cerebellum into three lobes (Anterior, Posterior and Flocculonodular Lobe)

Answer 14

i. primary

ii. Posterolateral

Question 15

The anterior and posterior lobes together form the c__pus c_rebelli

Answer 15

corpus cerebelli

Question 16

The fissures separating the subdivisions of the cerebellum are:

1. Theprimary fissure: separates the an__rior and po__erior lobes.
2. Theposterolateral fissureseparates the po__erior lobe from the floc__lonodular lobe
3. Thehorizontal fissuredivides the cerebellum into u__er and l_wer halves.

Answer 16

1. anterior and posterior lobes
2. posterior lobe from the flocculonodular lobe;
3. upper and lower halves.

Question 17

Most of the grey matter of the cerebellum is arranged as a thin layer covering the central core of white matter.
This layer is the c__ebellar cortex.

Answer 17

cerebellar cortex.

Question 18

Embedded within the central core of white matter there are masses of grey matter which constitute thecer__ellar nuclei.

Answer 18

cerebellar nuclei.

Question 19

Thede__ate nucleuslies in the centre of each cerebellar hemisphere

Answer 19

dentate nucleus

Question 20

Thee__oliform nucleuslies on the medial side of the dentate nucleus.

Answer 20

emboliform nucleus

Question 21

Thegl__ose nucleuslies medial to the emboliform nucleus.

Answer 21

globose nucleus

Question 22

Thefa__igial nucleuslies close to the middle line in the anterior
part of the superior vermis.

Answer 22

fastigial nucleus

Question 23

The central core of each cerebellar hemisphere is formed by w__te matter.
The peduncles are continued into this white matter.

Answer 23

white matter.

Question 24

The white matter of the two sides is connected by a thin lamina of fibres that are closely related to the IV ventricle.
The upper part of this lamina forms the superior med___ary velum , and its inferior part forms the inferior m__ullary velum.

Both these take part in forming the roof of the fourth ventricle.

Answer 24

superior medullary velum,

inferior medullary velum.

Question 25

The fibers entering or leaving the cerebellum pass through three thick bundles called the cerebellar peduncles they include:

1. sup_ior cerebellar peduncles
2. mi_dle cerebellar peduncles
3. in_rior cerebellar peduncles

Answer 25

1. superior cerebellar peduncles
2. middle cerebellar peduncles
3. inferior cerebellar peduncles

Question 26

The fibers entering or leaving the cerebellum pass through three thick bundles called the cerebellar peduncles they include:

Answer 26

1. superior cerebellar peduncles
2. middle cerebellar peduncles
3. inferior cerebellar peduncles

Question 27

inferior cerebellar peduncles is also called there__iform body.

Answer 27

restiform body.

Question 28

Basic Structure of the Cerebellar Cortex

It may be divided into three layers as follows:

a. Mo__cular layer(most superficial).
b. Pur_nje cell layer. (The Purkinje cell layer is often described as part of the molecular layer).
c. Gr_nular layer, which rests on white matter.

Answer 28

a. Molecular layer
b. Purkinje cell layer
c. Granular layer

Question 29

The Purkinje cell layer is unusual in that it contains only o_e layer of neurons.

Answer 29

one layer of neurons

Question 30

The Purkinje cell layer, cell bodies of these neurons are large and f__sk-shaped

Answer 30

flask-shaped

Question 31

The Purkinje cell layer axons constitute the only ef__rents of the cerebellar cortex.

Answer 31

efferents

Question 32

The ________ cells are very small, numerous, spherical neurons that occupy the greater part of the granular layer.

Answer 32

granule

Question 33

The spaces not occupied by the granule cell are calledce___bellar islands.

Answer 33

cerebellar islands.

Question 34

These islands are occupied by special synaptic structures calledglo_eruli.

Answer 34

glomeruli.

Question 35

The axonal branches of granule cells are calledp__allel fibres.

Answer 35

parallel fibres.

Question 36

Parallel fibres also synapse with G_gi cells, ba_ket cells and ste_late cells.

Answer 36

Golgi cells, basket cells and stellate cells.