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NEUROANATOMY > ANATOMY OF THE BRAIN STEM > Flashcards

ANATOMY OF THE BRAIN STEM Flashcards

1
Q

The brain stem is composed of the:

A
  1. Medulla oblongata
  2. Pons
  3. Midbrain
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2
Q

The brainstem occupies the ___1____ cranial fossa
and

connects the narrow _______2____ with the expanded ____2_____.

A
  1. Posterior

2. spinal cord, forebrain.

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3
Q

Function of Brainstem:

  1. Serves as a conduit for the __________ and _________ tracts connecting the spinal cord to the different parts of the higher centers in the forebrain
    (2) Contains important reflex centers associated with the control of ________ and the ___________ system and with the control of consciousness
    (3) Contains the important nuclei of cranial nerves ___ to ___.
A
  1. ascending and descending tracts.
  2. respiration, cardiovascular
  3. III to XII
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4
Q

Function of Brainstem:

A

Function of Brainstem

  1. Serves as a conduit for the ascending tracts and descending tracts connecting the spinal cord to the different parts of the higher centers in the forebrain
    (2) Contains important reflex centers associated with the control of respiration and the cardiovascular system and with the control of consciousness
    (3) Contains the important nuclei of cranial nerves III to XII.
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5
Q

Medulla Oblongata connects the _____ to ______

A

pons to spinal cord

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6
Q

The Medulla Oblongata about __1__ cm in length

It is ___2___ in shape

A
  1. 2.5 cm

2. conical

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7
Q

Upper half of the medulla oblongata surrounds the:

  1. cavity of ______ ventricle

Lower half surrounds the:

  1. _______ canal
A
  1. fourth

2. central

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8
Q

Upper half of the medulla oblongata surrounds the:

  1. ___________________
    Lower half surrounds the:
  2. __________
A
  1. cavity of fourth ventricle

2. central canal

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9
Q

Pyramids contains - ______ spinal fibres

Decussation of pyramids

A

Cortico-spinal fibres

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10
Q

The External Arcuate fibres is above the dec___ation

It Pass laterally to c___bellum

A
  1. decussation of the pyramids

2. cerebellum

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11
Q

The olives contains the inferior oliva___ry Nucleus.

The olive is Poste__lateral to the pyramids

A

olivary

Posterolateral

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12
Q

The Inferior Cerebellar peduncle

Connects M___lla to cerebellum

A

Medulla

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13
Q

Nerves that emerge from the medulla oblongata:

  1. Hy___lossal
  2. Glo____pharyngeal,
    V__us and Acc__sory (Cranial root)

NB: CN 9, 10, 11, 12

A
  1. Hypoglossal
  2. Glossopharyngeal,
    Vagus and Accessory (Cranial root)

NB: CN 9, 10, 11, 12

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14
Q

The Hypoglossal nerve is located at the groove b/t

o__e and py___mid

A

olive and pyramid

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15
Q

Glossopharyngeal, Vagus and Accessory (Cranial root) is located at the Groove between

the o___e and Inferior Ce____llar peduncle

A

olive and Inferior Cerebellar peduncle

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16
Q

Anteror view of the Medulla oblongata:

  1. Anterior M__an Fissure
  2. Py___d
  3. External A___te Fibers
  4. Inferor Cer___lar peduncle
A
  1. Anterior Median Fissure
  2. Pyramid
  3. External Arcuate Fibers
  4. Inferor Cerebellar peduncle
17
Q

Posterior view of the Medulla oblongata:

  1. Posterior M___n Sulcus
  2. G____le tubercle – Nu___us gracilis
  3. Cu___te tubercle – Nucleus Cun__tus
A
  1. Posterior Median Sulcus
  2. Gracile tubercle – Nucleus gracilis
  3. Cuneate tubercle – Nucleus Cuneatus
18
Q

Medulla at the level of decussation of pyramids

A transverse section through the inferior half of the medulla oblongata

through

the decussation of the pyramids,

which is the the great m__or decussation.

19
Q

Medulla at the level of decussation of lemnisci

Transverse section just above the level of the decussation of the pyramids
passes
through the decussation of lemnisci

which is the great s____ory decussation

20
Q

Medulla at the level of the olives

A transverse section through the olives passes across the inferior part of the fourth ventricle

The amount of g__y matter has increased at this level owing to the presence of the many n__ei

A

gray

nuclei

21
Q

The Medulla at the level of decussation of pyramids and Lemnisci

contain the following nucleus:

  1. Nucleus g___is,
  2. Nucleus c____us
  3. S__al nucleus of cranial nerve V,
  4. Ac____ry nucleus,
  5. Hypo__ssal nucleus
A
  1. gracilis
  2. cuneatus
  3. Spinal
  4. Accessory
  5. Hypoglossal
22
Q

Medulla at the level of the olives

contains the following nuclei:

  1. Inferior ol___ry nucleus
  2. s__nal nucleus of cranial nerve V,
  3. ve____lar nucleus,
  4. gl____aryngeal nucleus,
  5. v__al nucleus,
  6. hyp____sal nucleus,
  7. nucleus am___us,
  8. nucleus of tractus s____arius
A
  1. olivary
  2. spinal
  3. vestibular
  4. glossopharyngeal
  5. vagal
  6. hypoglossal
  7. ambiguus
  8. solitarius
23
Q

Medulla at the level just inferior to the pons

Contain the following Nuclei:

  1. Lateral ve____ar nucleus, cochlear nuclei
A
  1. vestibular
24
Q

Vestibulocochlear Nuclei involve:

  1. Ve____r complexes
  2. C______r Nuclei
A
  1. Vestibular

2. Cochlear

25
Q

Vestibulocochlear Nuclei involve the Vestibular complexes and Cochlear Nuclei

THE Vestibular Complex involve:

  1. ________ Vestibular Nucleus

2 ) _______ vestibular nucleus

(3) _______ vestibular nucleus
(4) _______ vestibular nucleus

A
  1. Medial
  2. inferior
  3. lateral
  4. superior
26
Q

Vestibulocochlear Nuclei involve the Vestibular complexes and Cochlear Nuclei

The cochlear nuclei:

  1. ) a____r cochlear nucleus
    (2) p_____r cochlear nucleus
A
  1. anterior

2. posterior

27
Q

Summary of some structures in the Medulla Oblongata include:

  1. Ves________ear Nuclei
  2. The Nucleus Amb____s
  3. The medial le____us
  4. The medial longitudinal f___lus
  5. The inferior c_______r peduncle
  6. The spinal tract of the tr____al nerve
  7. The ret____r formation
A
  1. Vestibulocochlear nuclei
  2. Ambiguus
  3. lemniscus
  4. fasciculus
  5. cerebellar
  6. trigeminal
  7. reticular
28
Q

Summary of some structures in the Medulla Oblongata include:

A
  1. Vestibulocochlear Nuclei
  2. The Nucleus Ambiguus
  3. The medial lemniscus
  4. The medial longitudinal fasciculus
  5. The inferior cerebellar peduncle
  6. The spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve
  7. The reticular formation

NEUROANATOMY (6 decks)

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