Cerebellum Flashcards
Which view of cerebellum?
Posterior
Which view of cerebellum?
Anterior
Which view of the cerebellum?
Right (inferior); left (superior)
What dural extension separates the cerebellum from the inferior occipital lobe?
Tentorium cerebelli
Which ventricle is located between the pons and cerebellum?
4th
Where is the flocculus
It “flocks” the peduncles; visible on anterior surface just below the middle CP
On which surface is the paravermis visible?
Superior
Which lobe of cerebellum is largest?
Posterior
Which two regions make up the vestibulocerebellum
Flocculus and nodule
Which region represents the cerebrocerebellum?
Most of posterior lobe
Which structures make up the spinocerebellum?
1) Vermis 2)Paravermis 3)Anterior lobe
What are the two afferents to the SUPERIOR cerebellar peduncle?
1) Anterior spinocerebellar tract; 2) Acoustic and optic information
What are the two EFFERENTS of the SUPERIOR cerebellar peduncle?
1) Dentatorubrothalamic tract; Dentatothalamic tract
What afferent tract travels via the middle cerebellar peduncle (hint: why is the MCP the biggest peduncle?)
Pontocerebellar tract
Middle cerebellar efferents?
None!
Inferior cerebellar peduncle afferents
Vestibulocerebellar tract; olivocerebellar tract; posterior spinocerebellar tract
ICP efferents
Cerebello-vestibular tract; cerebello-olivary tract
Which cerebellar nucleus is involved in the vestibulocerebellar loop?
Fastigial
Which cerebellar lobe do projections from the pontine nuclei terminate in?
Posterior lobe (contralateral)
Which artery supplies the cerebellar peduncles?
AICA
Which artery supplies the flocculonodular lobe?
AICA
Which arteries supply the posterior lobe?
PICAs and SCA
Which artery supplies the tonsils?
PICAs
Which artery supplies the anterior lobe?
SCA
Which arteries supply the vermis
PICAs (inferior) and SCA (superior)
Which arteries supply the deep cerebellar nuclei
Mostly SCA with help from AICAs
Lesions to the cerebellum result in
Truncal instability or IPSILATERAL limb deficits
What are the 4 deep nuclei from lateral to medial? (don’t eat greasy food)
1) Dentate 2) Emboliform 3)Globose 4)Fastigial
Which cerebellar region and nucleus are responsible for truncal movements
Vermis + fastigial nucleus
Which region (spinocerebellum) is associated with truncal movements
Anterior lobe; efferents via globose and emboliform nuclie
How many time does motor-coordination (limb adjustment) information cross the midline?
Twice; 1 from cerebellum to motor cortex, one at decussation of pyramids
Which cerebellar functional system is involved in the learning of new skills?
Neocerebellum/Cerebrocerebellum
Which 4 spinal tracts provide information to the cerebellum?
1) Posterior spinocerebellar (lower limb), 2) Cuneocerebellar (upper limb); 3) anterior spinocerebellar (lower limb); 4) rostral spinocerebellar (upperlimb)
Which spinocerebellar tract involves Clarke’s nucleus?
Posterior
What levels of the SC does Clarke’s nucleus extend over?
L3 to C8 – fibres below L3 travel in the fasciculus gracilis until they reach L3 and synapse in Clarke’s nucleus
Where do posterior spinocerebellar fibres enter the ICP?
Rostral medulla
Where do fibres in the posterior spinocerebellar tract cross the midline?
They don’t! Info to cerebellum remains IPSI always
Which fibre types send afferents to Clarke’s nucleus?
Ia, Ib, and II (GTO) fibres
Which types of information travel in the fasciculus cuneatus until the rostral medulla
Sensory AND proprioceptive information (cuneocerebellar tract does not branch off until reaching the accessory cuneate nucleus)
Where do cuneocerebellar fibres originate
Accessory cuneate nucleus (rostral medulla)
Where do cuneocerebellar fibres enter the cerebellum
ICP
Which spinocerebellar tracts involve SBCs?
1) anterior spinocerebellar tract; 2) rostral spinocerebellar tract
Where is the first synapse in the anterior spinocerebellar tract?
SBCs in the anterolateral border of the SC white matter
How many times does the anterior spinocerebellar tract cross the midline
Twice
How do fibres from anterior spinocerebellar tract enter the cerebellum
Via the SCP
Where is the first synapse for the rostral spinocerebellar tract?
SBCs in anterolateral white matter of anterior horn (also receive descending inputs)
Where do rostral spinocerebellar fibres cross the midline?
They do not! Only the anterior spinocerebellar tract does
Proprioceptive and cutaneous information above T8 travels in which tract to the cerebellum
Rostral spinocerebllar
Proprioceptive and cutaneous information below T8 travels in which tract to the cerebellum
Anterior spinocerebellar
Where do rostral spinocerebellar tract fibres enter the cerebellum
SCP
