Cerebellum

Question 1

what are the 3 layers of the cerebellum

Answer 1

Molecular, Prukinje, granular

Question 2

what are the 2 inputs of the cerebellum

Answer 2

Mossy and climbing fibres

Question 3

what is the 1 output of the cerebellum

Answer 3

Pukinje cell axon

Question 4

describe afferent fibres of the cerebellum

Answer 4

excitatory
enter through peduncle
proceed to cortex as mossy or clombing fibres depending on origin

Question 5

where do mossy fibres come from

Answer 5

anywhere apart from inferior olivary nucleus

Question 6

where do climbing fibres come from

Answer 6

inferior olivary nucleus

Question 7

what do climbing fibres do

Answer 7

provide discrete excitatory input to Purkinje fibres

Question 8

what do mossy fibres do

Answer 8

excitatory input to granular cells

Question 9

describe granular cells

Answer 9

excitatory input from mossy fibres
axons pass towards surface of cortex and enter molecular layer
bifurcate in molecule layer to produce 2 parallel fibres

Question 10

describe the Purkinje cell layer

Answer 10

consists of unicellular layer of somata of Purkinje neurons

Question 11

describe Purkinje cells

Answer 11

input from climbing fibres
arborisations extend into molecular layer, transversed by paralle fibres
axon of Purkinje cell is only axon to leave cerebellar cortex
Use GABA - inhibitory

Question 12

where do outputs from Purkinje cell axons go

Answer 12

deep cerebellar nucleus to superior peduncles to thalamus/ red nuclei

Question 13

what are the 3 main tracts in the cerebellum

Answer 13

corticopontocerebellar, vestibulocerebellar, spinocerebellar

Question 14

describe the corticopontocerebellar tract

Answer 14

information from primary motor cortex

leaves via middle cerebral peduncle

Question 15

describe the vestibulocerebellar tract

Answer 15

vestibular impulses;
directly from labyrinths
indirectly from vestibule nucleus
leaves to inferior cerebellar peduncle

Question 16

what are the divisions of the spinocerebellar tract for the lower limbs

Answer 16

dorsal and ventral

Question 17

describe the dorsal spinocerebellar tract

Answer 17

via inferior cerebellar peduncle
ipsilateral
from GTO and muscle spindle

Question 18

describe the ventral spinocerebellar tract

Answer 18

via superior cerebellar peduncle
contralateral
from GTO

Question 19

describe the spinocerebellar tracts in general terms

Answer 19

ascending tract

sensory input for balance and PROPRIOCEPTION

Question 20

what are the divisions of the spinocerebellar tract for the upper limbs

Answer 20

cuneocerebellar and rostral spinocerebellar

Question 21

describe the cuneocerebellar tract

Answer 21

via inferior cerebellar peduncle
ipsilateral
from both GTO and muscle spindle

Question 22

describe the rostral spinocerebellar tract

Answer 22

via inferior cerebellar peduncle
ipsilateral
from GTO

Question 23

what would a midline cerebellar lesion look like?

Answer 23

balance problems; loss of postural control so difficulty standing/ sitting
affects the vermis; worms can’t balance/ stand/ sit up

Question 24

what would a single sided vcerebellar lesion look like

Answer 24

ipsilateral impaired coordination of the limb

Question 25

what would a bilaterally cerebellar lesion look like

Answer 25

cerebellar ataxia, DANISH, poor coordination of both arms