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DPT704: Neuro Hank > Cerebellum > Flashcards

Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

Through lesion studies, the cerebellum has been ascribed the basic function of (3)

A
  1. Smoothing and sequencing of complex movements.
  2. Supporting postural adjustments and eye movements.
  3. Playing role in establishing and modifying motor programs.
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2
Q

The function of the cerebellum can be attributed to interactions with the (4)

A
  1. Ascending sensory pathways
  2. Vision
  3. Vestibular Function
  4. Cortical plans of movement
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3
Q

The functions of the cerebellum can further be described as

A
  1. Providing a comparison of internal and external feedback
  2. Modifying central motor programs
  3. Providing a center for motor learning or memory.
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4
Q

The cerebellum can be divided into what three lobes:

A
  1. Anterior
  2. Posterior
  3. Flocculonodular
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5
Q

T/F: The cerebellar lobes are somewhat consistent with functional division.

A

True

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6
Q

T/F: Cerebellar lobe description is purely anatomical and the general intrinsic pattern of connections is different in all lobes.

A

False:

Cerebellar lobe description is purely anatomical and the general intrinsic pattern of connections is the SAME in all lobes.

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7
Q

It is important to under stand the the cerebellum runs under powerful (INHIBITORY/EXCITATORY) control.

A

inhibitory

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8
Q

Release of inhibition of the cerebellum allows for

A

normal patterned movement to occur

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9
Q

Where are the cerebellar tonsils located?

A

externally on the posterior edge of the cerebellum (rounded “shelf”)

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10
Q

What is the structural significance of the cerebellar tonsils?

A

connections of the cerebellum

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11
Q

What is the clinical significance of the cerebellar tonsils?

A

An increase in intracranial pressure in the posterior fossa can force the cerebellar tonsils though foramen magnum pinching the the medulla.

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12
Q

What would pressure on the medulla due to cardiovascular and respiratory centers?

A

Respiratory arrest is the cessation of normal breathing due to failure of the lungs to function effectively.

Cardiac arrest is a sudden stop in effective blood circulation due to the failure of the heart to contract effectively or at all.

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13
Q

Where are the neurons responsible for output of the cerebellum located?

A

deep cerebellar nuclei.

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14
Q

Where are the deep cerebellar nuclei located?

A

lie in white matter of the cerebellum, deep to the cortical circuitry

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15
Q

What are the three deep cerebellar nuclei?

A
  1. Fastigial Nucleus
  2. Interposted Nucleus (interpossitus n.)
  3. Dentate Nucleus
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16
Q

Select the proper layer of the Cerebellar Cortex:

Sparsely populated layer of very large neurons.

a. Molecular Layer
b. Mid Layer
c. Granular Cell Layer

A

b. Mid Layer

17
Q

Select the proper layer of the Cerebellar Cortex:

Outermost layer.

a. Molecular Layer
b. Mid Layer
c. Granular Cell Layer

A

a. Molecular Layer

18
Q

Select the proper layer of the Cerebellar Cortex:

Basically acellular

a. Molecular Layer
b. Mid Layer
c. Granular Cell Layer

A

a. Molecular Layer

19
Q

Select the proper layer of the Cerebellar Cortex:

Innermost layer

a. Molecular Layer
b. Mid Layer
c. Granular Cell Layer

A

c. Granular Cell Layer

20
Q

Select the proper layer of the Cerebellar Cortex:

Contains purkinje cells

a. Molecular Layer
b. Mid Layer
c. Granular Cell Layer

A

b. Mid Layer

21
Q

Select the proper layer of the Cerebellar Cortex:

Made up of many granular cells

a. Molecular Layer
b. Mid Layer
c. Granular Cell Layer

A

c. Granular Cell Layer

22
Q

Select the proper layer of the Cerebellar Cortex:

Made up of axons and dendrites

a. Molecular Layer
b. Mid Layer
c. Granular Cell Layer

A

a. Molecular Layer

23
Q

Select the proper layer of the Cerebellar Cortex:

Received the majority of input from the afferent systems, mossy fibers.

a. Molecular Layer
b. Mid Layer
c. Granular Cell Layer

A

c. Granular Cell Layer

24
Q

Select the proper layer of the Cerebellar Cortex:

The axons of this layer form the majority of the axons in the molecular layer and synapse on the dendrites of the purkinje cells.

a. Molecular Layer
b. Mid Layer
c. Granular Cell Layer

A

c. Granular Cell Layer

25
Q

How do the purkinje cells function to form the output of the cerebellar cortex.

A

Influence the activity of the deep cerebellar nuclei by inhibiting them

26
Q

What three areas does the the cerebellum form pathways with?

A

Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
Middle Cerebellar Peduncle
Interior Cerebellar Peduncle

27
Q

What are the two pathways in the superior cerebellar peduncle?

A
  1. Dentatorubrothalamic Pathway

2. Ventral and Rostral Spinocerebellar Pathways

28
Q

What is the purpose of the Dentatorubrothalamic Pathway?

A

Primary efferent pathway

29
Q

What is carried by the Ventral and rostral spinocerebellar pathways?

A

carrying integrated information of both sensory and motor activity from the ipsilateral cord.

30
Q

Describe the crossing of the Ventral and rostral spinocerebellar pathways?

A

These pathways cross contralateral at the spinal cord segment level, and then recross through the superior cerebellar peduncle.

31
Q

What fibers are in the middle cerebellar peduncle?

A

Pontocerebellar fibers

32
Q

Pontocerebellar fibers carry

A

information relayed through pontine nuclei in the ventral pons. This relay received cortical information from all parts of the cortex.

33
Q

What pathways are in the inferior cerebellar peduncle? (5)

A
  1. Dorsal and cuneocerebellar pathways
  2. Olivocerebellar pathway
  3. Trigeminocerebellar pathways
  4. Vestibulocerebellar
  5. Fastigovestibular
34
Q

Dorsal and cuneocerebellar pathways carry

A

specific joint and muscle information encoded by GTOs, muscle spindes, and joint capsule receptors.

35
Q

Olivocerebellar pathways arise from the ___ and gives rise to ___.

A

Olivocerebellar pathways arise from contralateral inferior olivary complex and gives to climbing fibers.

36
Q

Trigeminocerebellar pathways carry

A

similar somatosensory information from the face, jaw, and extraocular eye muscles.

37
Q

Vestibulocerebellar carries

A

axons from the vestibular nuclei as well as direct fibers from vestibular apparatus

38
Q

Fastigiovestibular carries

A

an efferent pathway from the fastigial and interposed nuclei to the vestibular nuclei and reticular nuclei.

Additionally, there are some purkinje cell axons that bypass the deep cerebellar nuclei and project directly to the vestibular nuclei.

DPT704: Neuro Hank (14 decks)

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