Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

6a > Cerebellum > Flashcards

Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

Cerebellum location

A

posterior cranial fossa
separated from cerebrum by tentorium cerebelli
lies over fourth ventricle
connected to brainstem by 3 cerebellar peduncles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cerebellum surfaces

A

Superior: touching tentorium
Inferior: touching inferior cranial fossa
Anterior: touching brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Vermis

A

midline structure of cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Folia

A

extensive folds of cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anterior lobe of cerebellum

A

superior surface

separated from posterior lobe by primary fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Flocculonodular lobe

A

visible on anterior surface
nodule: the most anterior part of vermis, connected to flocculus
Most medial area of inferior surface of cerebellum - sits just above foramen magnum, the cerebellar tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Superior cerebellar peduncle afferents

A

anterior spinocerebellar tract

acoustic and optic information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Superior cerebellar peduncle efferents

A

detatorubrothalamic tract

dentatothalamic tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Middle cerebellar peduncle afferents

A

Pontocerebellar tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Inferior cerebellar peduncle afferents

A

vestibulocerebellar tract
olivocerebellar tract
posterior spinocerebellar tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Inferior cerebellar peduncle efferents

A

cerebellovestibular tract

cerebelloolivary tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cerebellum function

A

receives andi nterprets proprioceptive info
coordinates balance (linked to vestibular nuclei)
coordinates fine movement, eye-hand coordination
predicts sensory consequences of movement
coordinator/predictor of cortical output (movement and cognition)
information sent to cerebellum can be used for skilled manipulation of muscles and mental concepts
Same consistent wiring, with differnet types of cnonections
outflow through segregated fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Homunculus on cerebellum

A

Trunk always in midline on vermis
extremities on cerebellar hemispheres
Anterior lobe: extremities
Posterior lobe: mirror image representations of both head and extremities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Archicerebellum

A

vestibulocerebellum
flocculonodular lobe (and vermis)
trunk control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Paleocerebellum

A

spinocerebellum
vermis and anterior lobe
synergistic movement of extremities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Neocerebellum

A

Cerebrocerebellum
posterior lobe
topographical representation of extremities
areas for eye movement
speech coordination of intricate and complex movements

17
Q

Vestibulocerebellar connections

A

Afferents from vestibular nuclei –> paravermis, flocculonodular lobes
Efferent to fastigial nucleus
Bilateral projections to vestibular nuclei and reticular formation
Information projects through vestibulospinal/reticulospinal tracts to spinal cord motor neurons

18
Q

Vestibulocerebellar fxn

A

adjust axial stability and balance
provide information of position of head and body in space
help orient eye movements during locomotion (vestibulo-ocular reflex)

19
Q

Spinocerebellar connections

A

Muscle spindles/Golgi tendon organs (where/how the limbs are positioned)–> dorsal spinocerebellar tract through ICP
Spinal border cells in anterior horn of spinal cord (copy of movement command that went to LMNs) –> ventral spinocerebellar through SCP
Terminate in anterior lobe (limbs) and vermis (trunk)

20
Q

Spinocerebellar fxn

A

proprioceptive information enters cerebellum
information goes to all players involved in movement
feedback to spinal cord and to cortex
correction and fine-tuning of ongoing movement patterns

21
Q

Cerebrocerebellar connections

A

Cortex –> pontine nuclei –> cerebellar hemispheres (pontocerebellar tract through MCP), cross over to contralateral side
Additional afferent information from the contralateral olivary nuclear complex
Feedback to red nucleus, thalamus, cortex
Red nucleus: major relay nucleus
Olives: project to all of cerebellum, receive input from all loops, calculate feed forward loops

22
Q

Reciprocal connections in cerebrocerebellar connections

A

Output from neocerebellar cortex mainly to dentate nucleus –> red nucleus –> VL of thalamus (dentatorubrothalamic tract)
Direct projections from dentate nucleus –> thalamus (dentatothalamic tract)
Thalamus –> projects back to motor/sensory areas of cortex

23
Q

Midline cerebellar disease

A 
gait difficulty
truncal imbalance
wide-based irregular steps
veers to one side
abnormal head postures
head tilt
oculomotor dysfunction
nystagmus
24
Q

Flocculonodular lobe syndrome

A

most commonly seen in children with a medulloblastoma
Truncal ataxia –> inability to stabilize/balance axial musculature - wide-based stance as well as swaying
Nystagmus - damage to vestibuloocular pathways

25
Q

Lateral cerebellar disease

A

Hypotonia - decreased resistance to passive movement
Dysarthria
Limb ataxia - dysmetria, decomposition, dysdiadochokinesia
Intention tremor - irregular, rhythmic tremor that increases as patient approaches a target
Impaired check
Oculomotor disorders

26
Q

Posterior lobe syndrome

A

areas for eye movement and speech –> cerebellar mutism
Coordination of intricate/fine movements
most commonly seen in:
- demyelinating diseases (MS)
- midbrain infarctions affecting dentatorubrothalamic tract (cerebellar efferent)
- infarcts to cerebellar hemispheres

Deficits in hand-eye coordination, dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesia
typical language disorders characterized by linguistic incoordination –> inability to use grammar/syntax

27
Q

Lesions to anterior lobe

A

spinocerebellar input

gait ataxia

28
Q

Ethanol - cerebellum

A

toxic to Purkinje cells in cerebellar cortex
anterior lobe most affected
usually reversible
permanent damage possible in chronic alcoholics

leads to gait ataxia

29
Q

Anterior inferior cerebellar artery supply

A

all cerebellar peduncles
flocculus
all deep cerebellar nuclei

30
Q

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery supply

A

inferior 2/3 of posterior lobe
tonsils
nodulus

31
Q

superior cerebellar artery supply

A

anterior lobe
superior 1/3 of posterior lobe
vermis

6a (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions