cerebellum Flashcards
The ___ is located in the posterior cranial fossa below the tentorium cerebelli.
cerebellum
The cerebellum has a cortex of ___ matter surface with ___ matter on the inside.
- gray matter
- white matter
The cerebellum functions include ___.
- regulating equilibrium
- controls muscle tone and posture
- provides motor coordination for voluntary movements
The posterolateral fissure separates the ___ from the body of the cerebellum.
flocculonodular lobe
The ___ peduncle has inputs from the spinal cord and brainstem
inferior cerebellar (restiform body)
What is the job of the inferior cerebellar peduncle.
- monitors muscle and limb movement
The ___ body interconnects the vestibular nuclei and the cerebellum.
juxtarestiform
The ___ is the largest peduncle which is located lateral to the pons.
Middle cerebellar peduncle (brachium pontis)
The middle cerebellar peduncle receives afferents from ___, and relays ___ signals from the cortex.
- contralateral basis pontis
- motor
The superior cerebellar peduncle (brachium conjunctivum) sends efferents to the ___ and ___.
- red nucleus
- thalamus
Cerebellar circuitry overview
- inputs arrive from spinal cord and brainstem via the ICP and MCP (mostly) and project to the cortex
- cortex interprets data and sends info to deep nuclei
- deep nuclei send projections (mostly SCP) to other parts of the brain
What are the layers of the cerebellar cortex?
- top: molecular layer
- Purkinje cell layer
- granule layer
The ___ layer contains Purkinje cell dendrites granule neuron axons
molecular layer
The ___ are the only axons to leave cerebellar cortex.
purkinje
Which cerebellar nuclei contributes most of the fibers of the SCP
Dendate
Which nucleus is composed of both the emboli form and globose nuclei?
interposed nucleus
Climbing fibers come from the ___.
Inferior olivary nuclei
Climbing fibers emerge ___, and ascend the contralateral ___ to enter the cerebellum
- medially
- ICP
Climbing fibers divide into 5-10 branches and synapse as the only climbing fiber on a ___.
purkinje cell
___ is an input fiber from the brainstem (pons), vestibular system, and spinal cord (sensory). It is a major cortical input.
Mossy fiber
___ have axons from granule neuron/cell
parallel fibers
Mossy and climbing fibers send collaterals to ___ before axon enters cortex.
deep nuclei
Deep nuclei have two neuronal populations which are ___ and ___.
- source of mossy fibers into cortex
- projection neurons whose axons leave cerebellum
Name the three longitudinal zones of the cerebellum
- vestibulocerebellum
- spinocerebellum
- pontocerebellum
What is the main function of the vestibulocerebellum?
- control of eye movement in response to head movement
- balance
What is the location of the vestibulocerebellum?
- flocculonodular lobe
- part of the vermis
What is the name of the longitudinal zone of the brain that is located in the paravermal area and in part of the vermis?
Spinocerebellum
What is the main function of the spinocerebellum?
Coordination of trunk and limb movements
Where does the spinocerebellum output to?
- interposed nucleus
- red nucleus
- va/vl of thalamus
What is the location of the pontocerebellum?
lateral cerebellar hemisphere
Where does the pontocerebellum output to?
- dentate nucleus
- red nucleus
- va/vl of thalamus
What is the function of the pontocerebellum?
- planning the timing of movements especially those of the upper extremity
- coordination of speech
Generally the cerebellum is involved in ___ and ___ cognition.
motor and learning
One side of the cerebellum affects the ___ side of the body.
ipsilateral
Cerebellum projects to contralateral ___.
thalamus
