Cerebellum

Question 1

In order to accomplish the functions of the cerebellum, the cerebellum must have (2 things)

Answer 1

1. reciprocal interactions with motor regions of the CNS

2. integration with sensation with motor signals

Question 2

T/F

a cerebellar lesion of loss of function leads to a paralysis or loss of sensation

Answer 2

FALSE

It leads to an inability to move in a smooth and coordinated manner

Question 3

What are two non motor functions of the cerebellum?

Answer 3

Cognitive functions: memory, language, visual spatial processing

Emotional Regulation: affect, behavioral regulation and mood

Question 4

What are the three lobes of the cerebellum?

What is each lobe associated with?

Answer 4

Anterior-spinal cord input-proprioceptive input
Posterior-cortex
Flocculonodular- vestibular input

Question 5

T/F Output from the Cerebellum to other CNS structures can come from the deep nuclei, OR the cortex of the cerebellum.

Answer 5

False!!!
Output can only come from deep nuclei,

Input can go to either the cortex of the cerebellum OR the nuclei

Question 6

T/F The inferior and middle peduncles of the cerebellum are pathways for afferent information

Answer 6

True.
Inferior and middle=input
superior=output

Question 7

The spinocerebellar pathways project from _____ peduncle, to which two lobes of the cerebellum

Answer 7

Inferior peduncle

anterior and posterior lobes

Question 8

T/F vestibular inputs to the cerebellum come directly from the vestibular receptors ONLY.

Answer 8

False.

Directly from receptors AND indirectly from vestibular nuclei

Question 9

What information is gathered from vestibular inputs?

Answer 9

Head position in space

status of extensor motor neurons

Question 10

Which cerebellar lobes does the reticular formation project to?

Answer 10

Vermal regions of the anterior and posterior lobe

Question 11

T/F The reticular projections provide integrated information from the cortex and cord

Answer 11

True:

Question 12

What type of infomation comes from the reticular formation to the cerebellum?

Answer 12

Mediates extensor tone

coordination of movement, balance, and equilibrium

Question 13

Tectal projections to the cerebellum give us what infomration?

Answer 13

Visual and auditory input

Question 14

Trigeminal nucleus to the cerebellum gives us what information

Answer 14

proprioceptive info of the face

Question 15

What are the three types of internal fibers?

Answer 15

Mossy
Climbing
Purkinje

Question 16

These fibers provide sensory and motor input; arise from all inputs except those from inferior olive

Answer 16

Mossy fiber

Question 17

This fiber type provides output from the cerebellar cortex. They drive specific movements

Answer 17

Purkinje fiber

Question 18

This fiber projects from the inferior olive; synapses on purkinje cells

Answer 18

Climbing fiber

Question 19

This fiber is thought to be responsible for guiding encoding of new stimulus-response links

Answer 19

Climbing fiber

Question 20

This fiber gets outputting information from the cerebellar nuclei

Answer 20

Purkinje

Question 21

These two fibers receive inputting information

Answer 21

Mossy and climbing fibers

Question 22

What are the three layers of the cerebellar tissue?

Answer 22

Granular
Molecular
Purkinje

Question 23

What are the two types of cerebellar cells?

Answer 23

Interneurons (granular, golgi, stellate)

Purkinje cells

Question 24

This cell receives output from cerebellar cortex and is inhibitory

Answer 24

Purkinje cells

Question 25

This fiber is excitatory and receives widespread input from the cord, reticular formation, vestibular system and pons

Answer 25

Mossy fiber

Question 26

This fiber projects to deep cerebellar nuclei and granule cells

Answer 26

Mossy fibers

Question 27

This fiber receives diverse input and keeps record of ongoing activity constantly. It provides background information

Answer 27

Mossy fiber

Question 28

This fiber is associated with efferent monitory "corollary discharge"

Answer 28

Mossy fiber

Question 29

This fiber is excitatory and receives input from the inferior olive

Answer 29

Climbing fiber

Question 30

This fiber projects to deep cerebellar nuclei and purkinje cells at a 1:1 ratio

Answer 30

Climbing fiber

Question 31

This fiber receives cortical input involved in the programming and execution of intended movement

Answer 31

climbing fiber

Question 32

Which output influences eye and postural movements and plays a role in equilibruim contral

Answer 32

Vestibulocerebellar

Question 33

T/F vestibulocerebellar efferent pathways connect with vestibular nuclei reicprocally

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Vestibular nuclei send information to the flocculonodular lobe of the cerebellum which gives input to which deep nucleus

Answer 34

Fastigial Which then sends input back to the vestibular nuclei

Question 35

Which two nuclei make up the interposed nucleus?

Answer 35

Globose and Emboliform

Question 36

Trace the input pathway from cortical input to the interposed nucleus

Answer 36

Red nucleus->interior olive->anterior/posterior lobe_> interposed nucleus

Question 37

T/F Interposed nuclei mediate cervical flexors

Answer 37

True

Question 38

This nucleus is triggered by sensory cues in the environment. Signals direction of movement and joint position and relays information to motor cortex to adjust timing, intensity and velocity

Answer 38

Dentate nucleus

Question 39

Where does the dentate nucleus recieve input from?

Answer 39

Cortical input-> pontine nucleus-->cerebellar hemispheres==> dentate nucleus

Question 40

Where does the dentate nucleus send information?

Answer 40

VL thalamus-->motor cortex

Question 41

Ataxia is a observable issue with which part of the cerebellum?

Answer 41

Floculonodular lobe | and vermal region of the anterior or posterior lobe

Question 42

Ataxia is characterized by what movements?

Answer 42

Wide, slow gait | Tendency to fall toward side of lesion

Question 43

Hypotonia may be an observation of problems in which part of the cerebellum?

Answer 43

Vermal or paravermal region We don't really fuckin' know.

Question 44

Dysarthria and cerebellar nystagmus is associated with issues in which part of the cerebellum?

Answer 44

Vermal lesions

Question 45

The inferior olive recieves input from which two things?

Answer 45

Red nuclues "cortico-rubro-olivary fibers (sensorimotor) And Spinal cord fibers

Question 46

From the inferior olive, trace the infomration pathway

Answer 46

Inferior peduncle spinocerebellar fibers go to anterior lobe cerebrocerebellar fibers go to posterior lobe