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Neuroanatomy and neurophysiology > Cerebellum > Flashcards

Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

The cerebellum occupies which cranial fossa?

A

Posterior

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2
Q

The cortical ridges that make up the entire cerebellar surface

A

Folia

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3
Q

The fissure separating the flocculo-nodular lobe from the body of the cerebellum

A

Posterolateral fissure

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4
Q

The primary fissure separates which cerebellar lobes?

A

Anterior and posterior

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5
Q

The most medial region of the cerebellum

A

Vermis

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6
Q

The longitudinal strip lateral to the vermis

A

Intermediate or paravermal zone

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7
Q

The vermal portion of the floccundonodular lobe?

A

Nodule

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8
Q

Reflection of the dura matter that separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum

A

Tentorium cerebelli

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9
Q

Reflection of the dura matter that separates the right and left hemispheres of the cerebellum

A

Falx cerebelli

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10
Q

The anterior and posterior lobes of the cerebellum are separated by which fissure?

A

Primary fissure

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11
Q

The posterolateral fissure separates which cerebellar lobes?

A

Flocculo-nodular lobe and cerebellar body

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12
Q

Structures that connect the cerebellum to the brainstem

A

Superior, middle and inferior peduncles

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13
Q

The middle peduncle connects the cerebellum to which part of the brainstem?

A

Pons

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14
Q

The superior peduncle connects the cerebellum to which part of the brainstem?

A

Midbrain

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15
Q

The inferior peduncle connects the cerebellum to which part of the brainstem?

A

Medulla and spinal cord

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16
Q

Which structure connects the cerebellum to the pons?

A

Middle cerebellar peduncle

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17
Q

Which structure connects the cerebellum to the midbrain?

A

Superior cerebellar peduncle

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18
Q

Which structure connects the cerebellum to the medulla and spinal cord?

A

Inferior peduncle

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19
Q

Which cerebellar peduncle contains afferent fibers?

A

Middle and inferior

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20
Q

Which cerebellar peduncle contains efferent fibers?

A

Superior and inferior

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21
Q

Which cerebellar peduncle contains both efferent and afferent fibers?

A

Inferior

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22
Q

Peripheral information about the body enters the cerebellum through the ______________ peduncle

A

Inferior

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23
Q

Higher cortical info enters via the _________peduncle

A

Middle

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24
Q

Processed output travels through the _______peduncle

A

Superior

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25
Q

The most lateral cerebellar nuclei

A

Dentate nucleus

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26
Q

Cerebellar nuclei medial to the dentate nucleus

A

Emboliform nucleus

27
Q

Cerebellar nuclei medial to the emboliform nucleus

A

Globose nucleus

28
Q

The most medial cerebellar nuclei

A

Fastigial nucleus

29
Q

Cerebral nucleus that projects on the vermial portion

A

Fastigial nucleus

30
Q

Cerebral nuclei that projects on the paravermal portion

A

Globose and emboliform nucleus

31
Q

Cerebral nucleus that projects on the lateral hemispheres

A

Dentate nucleus

32
Q

True about the superior cerebellar peduncle:

a. consists mainly of efferent fibers like the ventral spinocerebellar tract
b. most lateral and thickest among the three cerebellar peduncles
c. fibers originate in the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex
d. none of the above

A

D

33
Q

The function of the cerebellum

a. maintenance of posture and balance
b. coordination of voluntary activity
c. has contribution to cognitive processing
d. aota
e. a and b only

A

D

34
Q

True about the cerebellum except:

a. Higher cortical info enters via the middle cerebellar peduncle
b. The Betz cells of the Purkinje cell layer are the sole output cells of the cerebellar cortex
c. The small granule cells of the granular layer are
associated with the excitatory glutamic acid
d. the molecular layer contains basket cells and stellate cells

A

B

35
Q

True regarding tracts associated with the cerebellum

a. the dentate-rubro-thalamic tract fibers cross the midline
b. the dorsal spinocerebellar fibers do not cross the midline
c. the ventral spinocerebellar fibers cross the midline
d. AOTA

A

D

36
Q

The structural division of the Cerebellum

A. The anterior commissure divides the anterior from the posterior lobe
B. The paramedian zone of the cerebellum is between
the vermis and the lateral zone
C. The posterolateral fissure divides the posterior lobe from the flocculonodular lobe
D. AOTA

A

C

37
Q

Balance and vestibulo-ocular reflexes are associated with
functional zone of the cerebellum

A. Vermis
B. Intermediate
C. Lateral Hemisphere
D. Flocculonodular Lobe

A

D

38
Q

The functions of the cerebellum

A. Responsible for coordination of involuntary motor activity
B. Responsible for muscle strength
C.Functions as a sensory relay center
D. Has functions related to cognition

A

D

39
Q

The cerebellum arises from

A. Telencephalon
B. Diencephalon
C. Myelencephalon
D. Metencephalon

A

D

40
Q

The largest cerebellar peduncle

A. Superior Cerebellar peduncle
B. Middle Cerebellar peduncle
C. Inferior Cerebellar peduncle
D. Restiform body

A

B

41
Q

The most inferior portion of the cerebellum:

A. Uncus
B. Tonsils
C. Nodule
D. Appendix

A

B

42
Q

Processed output of the cerebellum travels through the

A. Superior cerebellar peduncle or brachium pontis
B. Middle cerebellar peduncle or brachium conjunctivum
C. inferior cerebellar peduncle or restiform body
D. none of the above

A

D

43
Q

True about the Purkinje cell layer

A. The excitatory neurotransmitter of Purkinje cell is GABA
B. The efferent fibers from this layer go to the deep cerebellar nuclei
C. The single layer is identifiable because of the large Betz cells
D. AOTA

A

B

44
Q

Relationships between the cerebellar hemisphere and the deep cerebellar nuclei

A. Lateral hemisphere associate with Fastigial Nuclei
B. Paravermal zone associated with the interposed nuclei
C. Vermal zone associated with dentate nucleus
D. AOTA

A

B

45
Q

Manifestations of cerebellar dysfunction, EXCEPT

A. Ataxia
B. Resting Tremor
C. Hypotonia
D. Asthenia

A

B

46
Q

The following are tests for cerebellar dysfunction EXCEPT

A. Romberg’s Test
B. Finger to nose test
C. Heel to shin test
D. Supination-pronation test

A

A

47
Q

Afferent fibers in the dorsal spinocerebellar tract enter via

A. Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
B. Inferior Cerebellar peduncle
C. Middle Cerebellar peduncle
D. Cerebral peduncle

A

B

48
Q

The cerebellum is

A. Supratentorial
B. Infratentorial

A

B

49
Q

The grey matter of the cerebellum has how many histological layers?

A

3

50
Q

What are the histological layers of the cerebellum, external to internal?

A

Molecular layer, Purkinje layer, granular layer

51
Q

What are the cells of the molecular layers?

A

Basket cells and stellate cells

52
Q

What are the cells of the Purkinje layer?

A

Purkinje cells

53
Q

What are the cells of the granular layer?

A

Granule cells and Golgi cells

54
Q

Which cells of the cerebellum are inhibitory?

A

Basket cells, stellate cells, Purkinje cells and Golgi cells

55
Q

Which cells of the cerebellum are excitatory?

A

Granule cells

56
Q

In which layer are granule cells axons and Purkinje cells located?

A

Molecular layer

57
Q

Which layer has basket and stellate cells?

A

Molecular layer

58
Q

Which layer has Purkinje cells?

A

Purkinje layer

59
Q

Which layer has Golgi cells?

A

Granular layer

60
Q

Which layer has granule cells?

A

Granular layer

61
Q

Which are the only output cells of the cerebellum?

A

Purkinje layer

62
Q

What are the interneurons of the granular layer called?

A

Golgi cells

63
Q

The Purkinje cells releases which neurotransmitter?

A

GABA

64
Q

Cerebral hemisphere lesions cause contralateral motor signs. Cerebellar hemisphere lesions cause signs on which side?

A

Ipsilateral

Neuroanatomy and neurophysiology (16 decks)

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