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Summer 2014: Neuroanatomy > Cerebellum > Flashcards

Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

Cerebrocerebellar Afferent Pathway

A

Primary Somatosensory + Motor Cortex > through internal capsule to Pontine Nuclei > Middle cerebellar peduncles > deep nuclei > cerebellar hemisphere to be refined

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2
Q

Cerebrocerebellar Efferent Pathway

A
  • happens after the afferent pathway
  • travels from the cerebellar hemispheres > deep nuclei > superior cerebellar peduncles > red nucleus > thalamus > motor cortex (by way of internal capsule)
  • Motor cortex > medulla (decussates) > SC > muscle
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3
Q

Info pathway of cerebellum vs. cerebrum

A 
Cerebellum = IPS
Cerebrum = CON
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4
Q

Dysmetria

A
  • Cerebrocerebellar Pathway Dysfunction

- Trouble calibrating or judging the distance for a motor activity

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5
Q

Dysdiadochokinesia

A
  • Cerebrocerebellar Pathway Dysfunction

- Trouble with reciprocating mvmts

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6
Q

Ataxia

A
  • Cerebrocerebellar Pathway Dysfunction

- Incoordination of mvmts

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7
Q

Intension tremors

A
  • Cerebrocerebellar Pathway Dysfunction
  • Upon intention of moving pt has very rapid mvmt, but at rest there are no tremors (similar to hyperkinesia in BG damage)
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8
Q

Hypotonia

A
  • Cerebrocerebellar Pathway Dysfunction

- Low tone, hyperextensibility, Raggedy Anne

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9
Q

Spinocerebellar Pathways (3)

Name and where is info coming from

A
  • Anterior Spinocerebellar– info from the lower body
  • Posterior (Dorsal) Spinocerebellar – info from the lower body
  • Cuneocerebellar – info from upper body
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10
Q

What info travel on Spinocerebellar Pathways?

A

Somatosensory info from SC to cerebellum for immediate response

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11
Q

Dorsal (Posterior) Spinocerebellar Pathway

A

from IPS lower body > ascends up dorsal root in dorsolateral column of SC > Inferior cerebellar peduncle > Deep nuclei > Vermis (bc deals w/gross motor)

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12
Q

Anterior Spinocerebellar Pathway

A

Comes from the CON lower body > into dorsal root of SC bc sensory info > anterolateral column of SC > pons nuclei > superior cerebellar peduncle > deep nuclei > vermis

Really just rxn to dorsal spinocerebellar pathway

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13
Q

Cuneocerebellar Pathway

A

Start at upper body > dorsal root of SC > dorsal column of SC > both superior and inferior cerebellar peduncles > deep nuclei > Vermis (bc arms move when we walk,etc.)

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14
Q

Sensory modulation difficulties

A
  • Spinocerebelllar Dysfunction
  • When someone does not receive enough sensory info from their body to know the correct amount of pressure to use when performing an activity
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15
Q

Ipsilateral ataxia

A
  • Spinocerebelllar Dysfunction

- Incoordination of mvmts due to damage to the dorsal or cuneocerebellar pathways

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16
Q

Vestibulocerebellar Pathway

A
  • CN 8 from the ear > vestibular nucleus
  • CN 3 , 4, 6 (involved w/eye mvmts) > vestibular nucleus
  • Variety of info from cortical areas > vestibular nucleus
  • From vestibular nucleus all this info goes to inferior cerebellar peduncle > deep nucleus > vermis
17
Q

Vestibulocerebellar Pathway Dysfunctions (4)

A
  1. Visual distortion
  2. Abnormal nystagmus
  3. Postural instability
  4. Balance difficulties
18
Q

Abnormal Nystagmus

A
  • Vestibulocerebellar Pathway Dysfunctions

- someone’s eyes may still be moving after they stop moving, or eyes don’t move when spinning in a circle

19
Q

What are the 3 things to look at when evaluating muscle tone?

A
  1. Consistency
  2. Extensibility
  3. Passisvity
20
Q

What are the areas of the cerebellum?

A
  1. anterior and posterior lobes
  2. vermis
  3. flocculonodulus
21
Q

What is the function of the deep nuclei?

A
  • Filter info going into cerebellum (like thalamus) but also filters info before it goes out of the cerebellum (different from the thalamus)
22
Q

What is the function of the peduncles?

A
  • They are the information (white matter) highways into/out of the cerebellum
23
Q

What is the function of the lobes/hemispheres?

A
  • Regulate motor planning, fine motor coordination, muscle tone
24
Q

What is the function of the vermis?

A
  • Gross motor coordination, posture, locomotion
25
Q

What is the function of the flocculonodulus?

A
  • Balance, posture, oculomotor control
26
Q

Name the functions of the cerebellum (5)

A
  1. Muscle Tone
  2. Eye Movement
  3. Motor Planning
  4. Body Movement
  5. Equilibrium and posture

Summer 2014: Neuroanatomy (16 decks)

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