Cerebellum

Question 1

Where is the cerebellum located?

Answer 1

Located dorsal to the pons and medulla, protrudes under the occipital lobes of the cerebrum

Question 2

How does all cerebeller activity occur?

Answer 2

unconsciously

Question 3

Describe the anatomy of the Cerebellum

Answer 3

Two bilaterally symmetrical hemispheres connected medially by the vermis

Question 4

Within the Cerebellum, Gyri are known as _____?

Answer 4

Guro ar referred to as folia in the Cerebellum

Question 5

Name the three lobes of each hemisphere of the Cerebellum?

Answer 5

anterior, posterior and flocculonodular (deep)

Question 6

Describe the neural arrangement of the cerebellum

Answer 6

Gray matter cortex, internal white matter, scattered nuclei

Question 7

What is the Arbor Vitae?

Answer 7

distinctive treelike pattern of the cerebellar white matter

Question 8

What are the Cerebellar Peduncles?

Answer 8

Three paired biver tracts that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem.

-Connect at the midbrain, pons, and medulla

Question 9

Describe all fiber connections at the cerebellum

Answer 9

All fiber connections at the cerebellum are ipsilateral (right side controls right side of body)

Question 10

What are the motor functions of the Cerebellum?

Answer 10

Provides **precise timing and appropriate pattersn of skeletal muscle contraction **

-referred to as fine moteor control

Permits movement in a smooth coordinated fashion (eye-hand coordination, etc)

Question 11

How does the Cerebellum permit movement in a smooth coordinated fashion (eye-hand coordination)

Answer 11

• Cerebellum receives impulses of the intent to initiate voluntary muscle contraction
• Proprioceptors and visual signals “inform” the cerebellum of the body’s condition

- Cerebellar cortex calculates the best way to perform a movement

(a blueprint of coordinated movement is sent to the cerebral motor cortex)

Question 12

What is the Cognitive Function of the Cerebellum?

Answer 12

• It plays a role in language and problem solving
• It recognizes and predicts sequences of events

Question 13

Clinical correlate of Cerebellum:

What is Cerebellar Atazia?

Answer 13

• Alcohol & drug toxicity inhibits cerebellar processing, decreasing coordination
• wide-based gait, jerky movements
• field Sobriety Tests are actual neurological tests for cerebellar function

Question 14

Clinical correlate of the Cerebellum

What are the common causes of Cerebellar Ataxia?

Answer 14

Heavy metal poisoning (listening to too much Motley Crue?)

solvent poisoning, medication toxicity, alcool/drug intoxication

• Wilson’s disease (copper accumulation)
• CVA (cerebrovascular accident = stroke), TBI (traumatic brain injury), TIA (transient ischemic attack), MS (multiple sclerosis), CP (cerebral palsy), tumor, variety of degenerative & hereditary disorders

Question 15

Clinical correlate of Cerebellum

What are intention tremors?

Answer 15

Tremor, most often of the hands, occurs towards the end of a purposeful movement, with increasing amplitude.

• tremors stop once object has been gripped.

Question 16

Clinical correlates of Cerebellum

What caues Intention tremors?

Answer 16

Intention tremors can be causes by damage on the same side of the cerebellum secondary to CVA, MS, inherited degenerative disorders, chronic alcoholism, overuse of some medications (neurotoxic)