cerebellum

Question 1

what are climbing fibers?

Answer 1

the terminal branches of the olivocerebellar tracts

Question 2

one climbing fiber makes contact with how many purkinje cells?

Answer 2

1-10 loui say 7

Question 3

what are mossy fibers?

Answer 3

terminal branches of all other cerebellar afferent tracts except olivocerebellar

Question 4

what are the two main lines of input to the cerebellar cortex?

Answer 4

climbing and mossy fibers
note: they excite purkinje cells

Question 5

what are the inhibitory interneurons of the cerebellar cortex?

Answer 5

stellate, basket and golgi cells

Question 6

purkinje cells form the center of a functional unit of the cerebellar cortex. T or F.

Answer 6

T

Question 7

what are the cerebellar peduncles?

Answer 7

numerous efferents and afferents leaving and entering the cerebellum are bundled up to make the peduncles
they connect the cerebellum to the other parts of the cns

Question 8

what are the cerebellar afferent fibers from the cerebral cortex?

Answer 8

• corticopontocerebellar pathway
• cerebro-olivocerebellar pathway
• cerebroreticulocerebellar pathway

Question 9

corticopontocerebellar pathway?

Answer 9

Fibers from frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes terminate on the pontine nuclei which give rise to transverse pontine fibers. These fibers cross the midline and enter the opposite cerebellar hemisphere as the middle cerebellar peduncle.

Question 10

cerebro-olivocerebellar pathway?

Answer 10

Fibers arise from frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes and terminate bilaterally on the inferior olivary nuclei in medulla which give rise to fibers that cross the midline and enter the opposite cerebellar hemisphere thru the inferior cerebellar peduncle. These fibers terminate as climbing fibers

Question 11

cerebroreticulocerebellar pathway?

Answer 11

These fibers arise from sensorimotor areas then descend to terminate in the reticular formation on the same side and on the opposite side in the pons and medulla which give rise to the reticulocerebellar fibers that enter the cerebellar hemisphere on the same side thru the inferior and middle cerebellar peduncles.

Question 12

What are the cerebellar afferents from the spinal cord?

Answer 12

• anterior spinocerebellar
• posterior spinocerebellar
• cuneocerebellar

Question 13

The entire output of the cerebellar cortex is through the axons of which cells?

Answer 13

Purkinje cells

Question 14

The efferent fibers from the cerebellum connect with which structures?

Answer 14

Red nucleus
Thalamus
Vestibular complex
Reticular formation

Question 15

Globose-emboliform-rubral pathway?

Answer 15

Axons of globose and emboliform nuclei travel thru the superior cerebellar peduncles then they cross the midline at the decussation of superior cerebellar peduncles. The fibers end by synapsing on the contralateral red nucleus giving rise to the rubrospinal tract. So they double cross

Question 16

Dentothalamic pathway?

Answer 16

The axons from the dentate nucleus travels through the superior cerebellar peduncle and cross the midline in the decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle. The fibers end by synapsing in the contralateral ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus
Note: those axons of the thalamic neurons terminate in the primary motor area

Question 17

Fastigial vestibular pathway?

Answer 17

Axons of the fastigial nucleus travel thru inferior cerebellar peduncle n terminate on the neurons of lateral vestibular nucleus in medulla
Note: neurons of the lateral vestibular nucleus form the vestibulospinal tract

Question 18

Fastigial reticular pathway?

Answer 18

Axons from Fastigial nucleus travel thru the inferior peduncle and end by synapsing on the reticular formation.
Note: axons of these neurons influence reticulospinal tract

Question 19

Two basic defects of cerebellar disease are?

Answer 19

Hypotonia and loss of influence of the cerebellum on the activities of the cerebral cortex

Question 20

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Answer 20

Coordinates precise movements by continually comparing output of the motor area of the cerebral cortex with the proprioception info received from the site of muscle action n makes necessary adjustments

Question 21

Cerebellar afferent fibers from the vestibular nerve?

Answer 21

Vestibular nerve receives info from the inner ear concerning motion which then send afferent fibers to the cerebellum thru the inferior cerebellar peduncle on the same side. All afferent fibers from the inner ear terminate as mossy fibers in the flocculonodular lobe

Question 22

Fibers from dentate, emboliform and globose nuclei leave cerebellum through?

Answer 22

Superior cerebellar peduncle

Question 23

Fibers from fastigial nucleus leave through?

Answer 23

Inferior cerebellar peduncle

Question 24

Afferent fibers enter the cerebellum mainly thru?

Answer 24

Inferior and middle cerebellar peduncles

Question 25

What are the layers of the cerebellar cortex?

Answer 25

Molecular (external)
Middle (purkinje)
Internal (granular)

Question 26

What are the three functional areas of the cerebellar cortex?

Answer 26

Cortex of vermis- influence long axis of body
Intermediate zone- control muscles of distal parts of limbs
Lateral zone- planning sequential movements of entire body

Question 27

Climbing and mossy fibers are inhibitory. T or F.

Answer 27

False.

Question 28

Mossy fibers end on granular cells. T or F.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Granule cells are excitatory. T or F.

Answer 29

T

Question 30

Deep cerebellar nuclei receive afferent information from which two sources?

Answer 30

Inhibitory axons from purkinje
Excitatory axons from climbing and mossy fibers

Question 31

What are the functional divisions of the cerebellum?

Answer 31

Vestibulocerebellum
Spinocerebellum
Pontocerebellum

Question 32

All afferent fibers from inner ear terminate as mossy fibers in flocculonodular lobe. T or F.

Answer 32

True
Note: from vestibular nerve