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Neuro Unit 3 > Cerebellum > Flashcards

Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

Function

A

The Comparator: intended movements vs actual movements

Reduces motor errors.

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2
Q

3 subdivisions of Cerebellar Cortex

A
  1. Cerebrocerebellum - planning/executing complex movement.
  2. Vestibulocerebellum - posture, balance.
  3. Spinocerebellum - ongoing limb movements.
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3
Q

2 regions of SC

A
  1. Paramedian - distal musc

2. Vermis - proximal musc

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4
Q

Dentate Nuclei location

A

CC

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5
Q

Interposed Nuclei location

A

SC

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6
Q

Fastigial Nuclei location

A

SC and VC

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7
Q

Vestibular Nuclei location

A

VC

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8
Q

Superior Cerebellar Peduncle: what type of axons?

A

efferent (output)

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9
Q

Middle Cerebellar Peduncle: what type of axons?

A

afferent (input)

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10
Q

Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle: what type of axons?

A

both efferent + afferent

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11
Q

MCP brings input from where?

A

Cerebrum

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12
Q

ICP brings input from where?

A

Vestibular Nuclei
Spinal Cord
Olive

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13
Q

Output sent where?

A 
Locations of UMN pathway origins:
Red Nucleus
Vestibular Nuclei
Reticular Formation
Motor Cortex
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14
Q

Mossy fibers bring afferent info from where

A

From cerebrum, vestibular, or spinal cord

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15
Q

Climbing fibers bring afferent info from where

A

Olive

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16
Q

Cerebellar circuitry

A

1a. Mossy –> gives rise to Parallel –> weak (+) to Purkinje.
1b. Climbing –> strong (+) to Purkinje.
2. Purkinje –> GABA (-) to Deep Nuclei.
3. Collateral Mossy & Climbing –> (+) to Deep Nuclei.

17
Q

Why do Deep Nuclei receive both inhibitory (from Purkinje) and excitatory (from collaterals) signals?

A

Inhibitory from Purkinje is the correction signal.

If Deep Nuclei only received (+), then we’d just be sending the same info back out to the motor cortex.

18
Q

Dorsal Spinocerebellar Pathway (from last unit) projects thru which peduncle, to which subdivision, using which fibers?

A

Thru ICP –> SC

Mossy fibers

19
Q

Cuneocerebellar Pathway (from last unit) projects thru which peduncle, to which subdivision, using which fibers?

A

Thru ICP –> SC

Mossy fibers

20
Q

Spinolivary Pathway (from last unit) projects thru which peduncle, using which fibers?

A

ICP

Climbing Fibers

21
Q

Olivocerebellar Pathway

A

1a. Intended movement info from Cerebral Cortex –> Olive + Red Nucleus.
1b. Sensory/proprio from Spinolivary –> Olive.
2. Olive –> thru ICP –> CC, SC, VC

22
Q

Cerebrocerebellar Pathway

A
  1. Motor plan from Cortex –> Pontine Nuclei –> MCP –> CC.
    (at the same time: Olivocerebellar –> CC/Dentate).
  2. Purkinje in CC integrates info.
  3. Purkinje –> Dentate –> SCP –> contralateral VL Thalamus –> Motor Cortex.
    (some axons –> Red Nucleus –> Olive; lets Olive know about corrected plan).
23
Q

Spinocerebellar Pathway

A
  1. Proprio from Dorsal Spinocerebellar & Cuneocerebellar –> ICP –> SC.
    (at the same time: Olivocerebellar –> SC/Interposed/Fastigial).
  2. Purkinje in SC integrates info.
  3. Purkinje –> Interposed + Fastigial
    4a. Interposed –> SCP –> contralateral VL Thalamus –> Motor Cortex.
    4b. Fastigial –> ICP –> Brainstem.
24
Q

Spinocerebellar Pathway: interposed influences what UMN pathways?

A

Lateral UMNs for distal musc

25
Q

Spinocerebellar Pathway: fastigial influences what UMN pathways?

A

Medial UMNs for axial musc

26
Q

Vestibulocerebellar Pathway

A
  1. Equilibrium from Vestibular Nuclei –> ICP –> VC.
    (at the same time: Olivocerebellar –> VC/Fastigial).
  2. Purkinje in VC integrates info.
  3. Purkinje –> Fastigial –> ICP –> Vestibular Nuclei.
27
Q

Cerebrocerebellar Pathway modulates which UMN Pathways?

A

Lateral Corticospinal
Ventral Corticospinal
Corticobulbar
Rubrospinal

28
Q

Spinocerebellar Pathway modulates which UMN Pathways (if projecting to IP)?

A

Lateral Corticospinal
Ventral Corticospinal
Rubrospinal

29
Q

Spinocerebellar Pathway modulates which UMN Pathways (if projecting to F)?

A

Reticulospinal

30
Q

Vestibulocerebellar Pathway modulates which UMN Pathways?

A

Medial Vestibulospinal
Lateral Vestibulospinal
Colliculospinal

31
Q

Cerebellar Lesions general symptoms

A

Ataxia.
Nystagmus, Vertigo.
Intention (Action) Tremors & Dysmetria - over/undershoot movements, oscillatory movement.
Dysdiaodokinesia - inability to perform alternating tasks.
(all ipsilateral to damage)

32
Q

CC Lesion symptoms

A

Dysdiadokinesia
Decomposition of movement
Difficulty performing planned motor skills

33
Q

VC Lesion symptoms

A

Nystagmus
Vertigo
Balance issues

34
Q

SC Lesion symptoms

A

Intention Tremors
Dysmetria
Ataxia

Neuro Unit 3 (8 decks)

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