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Neuro Science Exam 3 > Cerebellum > Flashcards

Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

The ____ cerebellar peduncles are attached to dorsal aspect of midbrain and area associated with ___.

A

superior

vision

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2
Q

The ___ cerebellar peduncle carries afferent fibers from pontine nuclei on one side across pons to the contralateral cerebellum.

A

middle

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3
Q

The ___ cerebellar peduncles are attached to the dorsal aspect of upper medulla.

A

Inferior

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4
Q

The cerebellum is located in the ___, separated from the cortex by the ___.

A

posterior fossa

tentorium cerebelli

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5
Q

The cerebellum may become compromised if there is hydrocephalus in the ____, due to its close proximity.

A

4th ventricle

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6
Q

True or False

The cerebellum is connected to LMN to influence movement.

A

False

Influences movement through links with cortex, spinal cord and brainstem.

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7
Q

Which is not a function of the cerebellum?

a. posture
b. initiate/execute movement
c. coordinate movement
d. balance

A

b. initiate/execute movement

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8
Q

Which is not a function of the cerebellum?

a. force and timing of muscle
b. gradates mm tone
c. cognition and language
d. motor planning
e. all of the above are functions

A

e. all of the above are functions

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9
Q

The inability to perform rapid, coordinated movement

A

dysdiadochokinesia

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10
Q

What structure is in the midline of the cerebellum?

A

vermis

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11
Q

Two bumps on the ventral surface of cerebellum that communicate with the nodulus.

A

Flocculi

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12
Q

The division between the posterior and anterior lobes of the cerebellum.

A

primary fissure

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13
Q

The division between posterior lobe and flocculonodular lobe

A

posterolateral fissure

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14
Q

What structures can herniate through the foramen magnum? Known as Arnold Chiari syndrome

A

Cerebellar tonsils

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15
Q

The bottom of the vermis is called the ___.

A

nodulus

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16
Q

Name the zone and structure.

Contains most of anterior and medial aspect of posterior lobe.

A

intermediate zone (paravermis)

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17
Q

The vermis and intermediate zone (paravermis) together form the ___.

A

spinocerebellum

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18
Q

This zone is mostly posterior lobe

A

lateral zone

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19
Q

provides the planning of sequential movements of the entire body along with involvement in the conscious assessment of movement errors.

A

cerebrocerebellum

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20
Q

The cerebrocerebellum is located in what zone?

A

lateral

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21
Q

Its primary role in the vestibulo-ocular reflex is connects lateral vestibular nuclei

A

Flocculonodular lobe

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22
Q

The ___ affects VOR gain.

A

Flocuculus

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23
Q

The __ affects duration of VOR.

A

Nodulus

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24
Q

If a patient has cerebellar damage, will the severity of postural sway change with eyes open or closed?

A

no

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25
Q

What part of the cerebellum controls distal extremity muscules?

A

intermediate zone (paravermis)

26
Q

The ___ includes the flocculonodular lobe and its connections with the lateral vestibular nuclei.

A

vestibulocerebellum

27
Q

This structure of the cerebellum is involved in the integration of sensory input with motor commands to produce adaptive motor coordination.

A

spinocerebellum

28
Q

This structure receives input from the spinocerebellar tract and projects to the rubrospinal, vestibulospinal, and reticulospinal tracts.

A

spinocerebellum

29
Q

What is the largest subdivision of the human cerebellum?

A

cerebrocerebellum

30
Q

This structure of the cerebellum is comprised of the lateral hemisphere and the dentate nuclei.

A

cerebrocerebellum

31
Q

What is the function of the cerebrocerebellum?

A

planning and timing of movements

32
Q

The cerebrocerebellum receives afferents from the ___ and efferents to the ___.

A

pontine nuclei

VL thalamus

33
Q

Name the Anatomical regions of the cerebellum.

A

Lateral hemisphere

vermis and paravermis (intermediate)

Flocculonodular lobe

34
Q

Name the Functional regions of the cerebellum.

A

Cerebrocerebellum

Spinocerebellum

Vestibulocerebellum

35
Q

This anatomical region is responsible for planning motor program for extremities, coordination of complex motions-especially UEs

A

lateral hemisphere

36
Q

What part of the cerebellum controls coordination of the proximal trunk?

37
Q

This structure is responsible for controlling coordination of the limbs and trunk during gait.

A

paravermis

38
Q

Is ataxia ipsilateral or contralateral to the cerebellar lesion?

A

ipsilateral

39
Q

What Functional Region is equivalent to the lateral hemisphere?

A

cerbrocerebellum

40
Q

What Functional Region is equivalent to the vermis and paravermis?

A

spinocerebellum

41
Q

What Functional Region is equivalent to the Flocculonodular lobe?

A

vestibulocerebellum

42
Q

These are signs of lesion to which section of cerebellum?

  • unsteady gait/ataxia
  • limb ataxia
  • dysmetria/dysdiadochokinesia
A

spinocerebellum

43
Q

These are signs of lesion to which section of cerebellum?

  • unsteadiness, balance deficits (truncal ataxia)
  • abnormal eye movements
  • vertigo, nausea, and vomitting
A

Flocculonodular lobe-Vestibulocerebellum

44
Q

These are signs of lesion to which section of cerebellum?

  • ataxia of the hands/fingers
  • poor UE
A

cerebrocerebellum

45
Q

Incoordination of the trunk/lack of postural control in any position.

A

truncal ataxia

46
Q

Define if the cerebellar peduncle is mostly associated with input or output.

A

Superior-output

Middle- input

Inferior-input

47
Q

What are the 4 Deep Cerebellar Nuclei?

A

Dentate nucleus

Emboliform nucleus

Globose nucleus

Fastigial nucleus

Dogs Eat Gross Food

48
Q

The most lateral and largest to the deep nuclei.

49
Q

What is the role of the dentate nucleues?

A

planning; active before voluntary movement

50
Q

The dentate nucleus receives projections from the _____ that carry information from the ___.

A

lateral hemisphere and from cerebellar afferents

cerebral cortex (via the pontine nuclei)

51
Q

What is the role of the emboliform and globose nucleus? Interposed nuclei

A

coordination; active during voluntary movement; coordinating agonist/antagonist pairs

52
Q

What is the most medial deep cerebellar nuclei?

53
Q

What is the role of the Fastigial nuclei?

A

balance and equilibrium during movement; coordinates head and eye movements

54
Q

What does the middle layer of cerebellum tissue consist of?

A

purkinje cell bodies

55
Q

What are the layers of cerebellar tissue? Which are excitatory? Inhibitory?

A
  1. Molecular Layer of gray (external)
  2. Purkinje Layer of gray (Middle)
  3. Granule Layer of Gray (Internal)
  4. White matter

All excitatory but Purkinje Layer

56
Q

What is the sole source of output from the cerebellar cortex?

A

Purkinje cells

57
Q

What are the input nerve fibers?

A

Purkinje cells

Mossy Fibers

Climbing Fibers

58
Q

These structures are inhibitory to the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) by determining the degree of activity inputted to the DCN.

A

Purkinje cells

59
Q

Input is received via somatosensory pathways (spinocerebellar tracts), will rev up (excite) motor activity that is needed based on the info receives and info sent.

This is the action of what input fibers?

A

Mossy fibers

60
Q

A message about motor activity that matches the intent is received. Agreement is made and info is sent forward.

This is the action of what input fibers?

A

Purkinje Fibers

61
Q

There is talking between brainstem and cerebellum. The cerebellum decides the level of error and what has to happen to correct the movement.

This is the action of what input fibers?

A

Climbing fibers

62
Q

Cerebellar lesions are mostly ___ (ipsilateral or contralateral) due to ___.

A

ipsilateral

double crossing phenomenon

Neuro Science Exam 3 (5 decks)

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