Cerebellum

Question 1

The ____ cerebellar peduncles are attached to dorsal aspect of midbrain and area associated with ___.

Answer 1

superior

vision

Question 2

The ___ cerebellar peduncle carries afferent fibers from pontine nuclei on one side across pons to the contralateral cerebellum.

Answer 2

middle

Question 3

The ___ cerebellar peduncles are attached to the dorsal aspect of upper medulla.

Answer 3

Inferior

Question 4

The cerebellum is located in the ___, separated from the cortex by the ___.

Answer 4

posterior fossa

tentorium cerebelli

Question 5

The cerebellum may become compromised if there is hydrocephalus in the ____, due to its close proximity.

Answer 5

4th ventricle

Question 6

True or False

The cerebellum is connected to LMN to influence movement.

Answer 6

False

Influences movement through links with cortex, spinal cord and brainstem.

Question 7

Which is not a function of the cerebellum?

a. posture
b. initiate/execute movement
c. coordinate movement
d. balance

Answer 7

b. initiate/execute movement

Question 8

Which is not a function of the cerebellum?

a. force and timing of muscle
b. gradates mm tone
c. cognition and language
d. motor planning
e. all of the above are functions

Answer 8

e. all of the above are functions

Question 9

The inability to perform rapid, coordinated movement

Answer 9

dysdiadochokinesia

Question 10

What structure is in the midline of the cerebellum?

Answer 10

vermis

Question 11

Two bumps on the ventral surface of cerebellum that communicate with the nodulus.

Answer 11

Flocculi

Question 12

The division between the posterior and anterior lobes of the cerebellum.

Answer 12

primary fissure

Question 13

The division between posterior lobe and flocculonodular lobe

Answer 13

posterolateral fissure

Question 14

What structures can herniate through the foramen magnum? Known as Arnold Chiari syndrome

Answer 14

Cerebellar tonsils

Question 15

The bottom of the vermis is called the ___.

Answer 15

nodulus

Question 16

Name the zone and structure.

Contains most of anterior and medial aspect of posterior lobe.

Answer 16

intermediate zone (paravermis)

Question 17

The vermis and intermediate zone (paravermis) together form the ___.

Answer 17

spinocerebellum

Question 18

This zone is mostly posterior lobe

Answer 18

lateral zone

Question 19

provides the planning of sequential movements of the entire body along with involvement in the conscious assessment of movement errors.

Answer 19

cerebrocerebellum

Question 20

The cerebrocerebellum is located in what zone?

Answer 20

lateral

Question 21

Its primary role in the vestibulo-ocular reflex is connects lateral vestibular nuclei

Answer 21

Flocculonodular lobe

Question 22

The ___ affects VOR gain.

Answer 22

Flocuculus

Question 23

The __ affects duration of VOR.

Answer 23

Nodulus

Question 24

If a patient has cerebellar damage, will the severity of postural sway change with eyes open or closed?

Answer 24

no

Question 25

What part of the cerebellum controls distal extremity muscules?

Answer 25

intermediate zone (paravermis)

Question 26

The ___ includes the flocculonodular lobe and its connections with the lateral vestibular nuclei.

Answer 26

vestibulocerebellum

Question 27

This structure of the cerebellum is involved in the integration of sensory input with motor commands to produce adaptive motor coordination.

Answer 27

spinocerebellum

Question 28

This structure receives input from the spinocerebellar tract and projects to the rubrospinal, vestibulospinal, and reticulospinal tracts.

Answer 28

spinocerebellum

Question 29

What is the largest subdivision of the human cerebellum?

Answer 29

cerebrocerebellum

Question 30

This structure of the cerebellum is comprised of the lateral hemisphere and the dentate nuclei.

Answer 30

cerebrocerebellum

Question 31

What is the function of the cerebrocerebellum?

Answer 31

planning and timing of movements

Question 32

The cerebrocerebellum receives afferents from the ___ and efferents to the ___.

Answer 32

pontine nuclei VL thalamus

Question 33

Name the Anatomical regions of the cerebellum.

Answer 33

Lateral hemisphere vermis and paravermis (intermediate) Flocculonodular lobe

Question 34

Name the Functional regions of the cerebellum.

Answer 34

Cerebrocerebellum Spinocerebellum Vestibulocerebellum

Question 35

This anatomical region is responsible for planning motor program for extremities, coordination of complex motions-especially UEs

Answer 35

lateral hemisphere

Question 36

What part of the cerebellum controls coordination of the proximal trunk?

Answer 36

vermis

Question 37

This structure is responsible for controlling coordination of the limbs and trunk during gait.

Answer 37

paravermis

Question 38

Is ataxia ipsilateral or contralateral to the cerebellar lesion?

Answer 38

ipsilateral

Question 39

What Functional Region is equivalent to the lateral hemisphere?

Answer 39

cerbrocerebellum

Question 40

What Functional Region is equivalent to the vermis and paravermis?

Answer 40

spinocerebellum

Question 41

What Functional Region is equivalent to the Flocculonodular lobe?

Answer 41

vestibulocerebellum

Question 42

These are signs of lesion to which section of cerebellum? - unsteady gait/ataxia - limb ataxia - dysmetria/dysdiadochokinesia

Answer 42

spinocerebellum

Question 43

These are signs of lesion to which section of cerebellum? - unsteadiness, balance deficits (truncal ataxia) - abnormal eye movements - vertigo, nausea, and vomitting

Answer 43

Flocculonodular lobe-Vestibulocerebellum

Question 44

These are signs of lesion to which section of cerebellum? - ataxia of the hands/fingers - poor UE

Answer 44

cerebrocerebellum

Question 45

Incoordination of the trunk/lack of postural control in any position.

Answer 45

truncal ataxia

Question 46

Define if the cerebellar peduncle is mostly associated with input or output.

Answer 46

Superior-output Middle- input Inferior-input

Question 47

What are the 4 Deep Cerebellar Nuclei?

Answer 47

Dentate nucleus Emboliform nucleus Globose nucleus Fastigial nucleus Dogs Eat Gross Food

Question 48

The most lateral and largest to the deep nuclei.

Answer 48

Dentate

Question 49

What is the role of the dentate nucleues?

Answer 49

planning; active before voluntary movement

Question 50

The dentate nucleus receives projections from the _____ that carry information from the ___.

Answer 50

lateral hemisphere and from cerebellar afferents cerebral cortex (via the pontine nuclei)

Question 51

What is the role of the emboliform and globose nucleus? Interposed nuclei

Answer 51

coordination; active during voluntary movement; coordinating agonist/antagonist pairs

Question 52

What is the most medial deep cerebellar nuclei?

Answer 52

Fastigal

Question 53

What is the role of the Fastigial nuclei?

Answer 53

balance and equilibrium during movement; coordinates head and eye movements

Question 54

What does the middle layer of cerebellum tissue consist of?

Answer 54

purkinje cell bodies

Question 55

What are the layers of cerebellar tissue? Which are excitatory? Inhibitory?

Answer 55

1. Molecular Layer of gray (external) 2. Purkinje Layer of gray (Middle) 3. Granule Layer of Gray (Internal) 4. White matter All excitatory but Purkinje Layer

Question 56

What is the sole source of output from the cerebellar cortex?

Answer 56

Purkinje cells

Question 57

What are the input nerve fibers?

Answer 57

Purkinje cells Mossy Fibers Climbing Fibers

Question 58

These structures are inhibitory to the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) by determining the degree of activity inputted to the DCN.

Answer 58

Purkinje cells

Question 59

Input is received via somatosensory pathways (spinocerebellar tracts), will rev up (excite) motor activity that is needed based on the info receives and info sent. This is the action of what input fibers?

Answer 59

Mossy fibers

Question 60

A message about motor activity that matches the intent is received. Agreement is made and info is sent forward. This is the action of what input fibers?

Answer 60

Purkinje Fibers

Question 61

There is talking between brainstem and cerebellum. The cerebellum decides the level of error and what has to happen to correct the movement. This is the action of what input fibers?

Answer 61

Climbing fibers

Question 62

Cerebellar lesions are mostly ___ (ipsilateral or contralateral) due to ___.

Answer 62

ipsilateral double crossing phenomenon