Cephalosporins Flashcards
Cefadroxil monohydrate
1st gen cephalosporin - oral
good G+, moderate G-
DOC: E. coli, Klebsiella pneumo, Proteus
Not: enterococci, MRSA or MRS epi
Cefazolin
1st gen cephalopsorin - Surgical prophylaxis
good G+, moderate G-
DOC: E. coli, Klebsiella pneumo, Proteus
Not: enterococci, MRSA or MRS epi
Cephalexin
1st gen cephalopsorin - oral
good G+, moderate G-
DOC: E. coli, Klebsiella pneumo, Proteus
Not: enterococci, MRSA or MRS epi
Cefoxitin
2nd gen cephalosporin
DOC: E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Moraxella catarrhalis
Cefaclor
2nd gen cephalosporin
DOC: E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Moraxella catarrhalis
Serum sickness
Cefuroxime
2nd gen cephalosporin
DOC: E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Moraxella catarrhalis
Cefotetan
2nd gen cephalosporin
DOC: E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Moraxella catarrhalis
Disulfiram effect w/ EtOH
Cefprozil
2nd gen cephalosporin
DOC: E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Moraxella catarrhalis
Loracarbef
2nd gen cephalosporin
DOC: E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Moraxella catarrhalis
Cefotaxime sodium
3rd gen cephalosporin - more active enterobacteriaceae
CNS penetration
DOC: Moraxella catarrhalis, Salmonella
Ceftizoxime
3rd gen cephalosporin - more active enterobacteriaceae
Antipseudomonal
DOC: Moraxella catarrhalis, Salmonella
Ceftazidime
3rd gen cephalosporin- more active enterobacteriaceae
Antipseudomonal
DOC: Moraxella catarrhalis, Salmonella
Ceftriaxone
3rd gen cephalosporin- more active enterobacteriaceae - parenteral
CNS penetration - Substantial hepatic elimination
DOC: Moraxella catarrhalis, Salmonella AND Neisseria gonorrhoeae AND PCN-resistant Strep pneumoniae
Cefixime
3rd gen cephalosporin- more active enterobacteriaceae
DOC: Moraxella catarrhalis, Salmonella AND Neisseria gonorrhoeae
oral
Cefpodoxime
3rd gen cephalosporin- more active enterobacteriaceae
DOC: Moraxella catarrhalis, Salmonella
Cefditoren
3rd gen cephalosporin- more active enterobacteriaceae
DOC: Moraxella catarrhalis, Salmonella
Ceftibuten
3rd gen cephalosporin- more active enterobacteriaceae
DOC: Moraxella catarrhalis, Salmonella
Cefdinir
3rd gen cephalosporin- more active enterobacteriaceae
DOC: Moraxella catarrhalis, Salmonella
Cefepime
4th gen cephalosporin
More resistance to B-lactamase
better G+/G-
Antipseudomonal
Ceftarolime fosamil
Unnamed gen cephalosporin - high affinity for PBP-2a
Effective against MRSA
No antipseudomonal
Cephalosporins are not effective against
Enterococci
Listeria
MRSA (except ceftarolime)
Atypicals (Chlamydia, Mycoplasma)
Cephalosporins DOC
Moraxella catarrhalis - 2nd or 3rd gen
Neisseria gonorrhoeae - ceftriaxone, cefixime (3rd gen)
E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus - 1st or 2nd gen
Salmonella - 3rd gen
Penicillin resistant Strep pneumoniae - Ceftriaxone