CENTRALLY ACTING ALPHA 2 AGONIST

Question 0

Centrally Acting Alpha 2 Agonist
Action ;

Stimulate alpha adrenergic receptors (alpha2) in the brain to reduce peripheral vascular resistance, heart rate , systolic and diastolic blood pressure eg;

Answer 0

Clonidine ( Catapres )

Guanfacine HCL ( Tenex )

Methyldopa ( Aldomet )

Therapeutic use ;

Primary Hypertension- may be used in combination with diuretic and other Antihypertensive

Hypertensive crisis

Severe cancer pain ( parental Administration via epidural)

Question 1

Precautions / Interaction

Answer 1

Contraindicated with anticoagulant therapy
Hepatic failure
Do not administer to client taking MAOIs
Use cautiously in CVA , MI , diabetes mellitus ,major depression or chronic renal failure
Do not use during lactation

Question 2

Side / Adverse Effects of Centrally Acting Alpha2 agonist medications

Answer 2

Dry mouth
Drowsiness and sedation ( resolves overtime )
Rebound hypertension 
Black or sore tongue 
Leukopenia

Question 3

Nursing Intervention and client Education

Answer 3

Monitor for adverse CNS effect
Monitor CBC, heart rate and blood pressure
Monitor for weight gain or edema
Monitor closely for rebound hypertension when medication is discontinued (48 hrs)
Do not miss scheduled dose
Take at bedtime to minimize effects of hypotension
Notify HCP of any involuntary jerky movements, prolonged dizziness, rash , yellowing of skin