central tendency Flashcards
What is the first step in the quantitative research process?
Literature review, research questions, and study design.
What is the second step in the quantitative research process?
Collect a sample.
What is done after collecting a sample in the quantitative research process?
Perform some coding to clean up your data.
What comes after cleaning up your data in the quantitative research process?
Describe your sample.
What is the next step after describing your sample in the quantitative research process?
Estimate the parameters in the population.
What is the focus of the study by Chao et al. (2023)?
The relationship between TikTok use and psychosocial outcomes.
What was the sample size in the study by Chao et al. (2023)?
1,346 Chinese adolescents, aged 12-18 years.
Why is it important to describe your sample in quantitative research?
To understand how far you can generalize your findings.
What are the measures of central tendency used in quantitative research?
Mode, median, and mean.
What is the mode?
The value that appears most frequently in a dataset.
How can the mode be illustrated in data?
The mode is the most frequent value in a dataset, as shown in visual representations.
What is an example of a dataset with a clear mode?
A dataset where one number appears more frequently than the others.
What is the median?
The middle value in a sorted dataset, where half of the data points are above and half are below
How do you find the median of a dataset?
Sort the data in ascending order and find the middle value
What is the mean?
The average value of a dataset, calculated by summing all values and dividing by the number of data points.
What is a potential issue with using the mean as a measure of central tendency?
The mean can be skewed by outliers, leading to misleading conclusions.
What is a trimmed mean?
A mean calculated after removing a specified percentage of the smallest and largest values in a dataset to reduce the effect of outliers.
Why might you use a trimmed mean instead of the regular mean?
To minimize the impact of outliers on the average calculation.
What are variance and standard deviation?
Measures of spread in a dataset, indicating how much the values differ from the mean.
How are variance and standard deviation related?
Standard deviation is the square root of variance.
What do variance and standard deviation tell us about a dataset?
They indicate the degree of variability or dispersion in the data.
What is the minimum in a dataset?
The smallest value in the dataset.
What is the maximum in a dataset?
The largest value in the dataset.
What is the range of a dataset?
The difference between the maximum and minimum values in the dataset.
What are percentiles, quantiles, quartiles, and the interquartile range?
Percentiles divide the dataset into 100 parts; quantiles divide it into equal-sized parts; quartiles divide it into four parts; and the interquartile range is the range between the first and third quartiles.
What is the interquartile range (IQR)?
The range between the first (Q1) and third (Q3) quartiles of a dataset, representing the middle 50% of the data.
How is the interquartile range used in practice?
It is used to measure the spread of the middle 50% of the data and identify outliers.
What is an example of using the interquartile range?
Identifying outliers in a dataset by finding values that fall outside 1.5 times the interquartile range above Q3 or below Q1.
What is the purpose of calculating the interquartile range?
To understand the spread of the middle portion of data and identify potential outliers.
How can the interquartile range help with data interpretation?
It provides a clearer picture of central tendency and variability, especially when data is skewed or has outliers.
