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psych as a science [1st year] > central tendency > Flashcards

central tendency Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the first step in the quantitative research process?

A

Literature review, research questions, and study design.

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2
Q

What is the second step in the quantitative research process?

A

Collect a sample.

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3
Q

What is done after collecting a sample in the quantitative research process?

A

Perform some coding to clean up your data.

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4
Q

What comes after cleaning up your data in the quantitative research process?

A

Describe your sample.

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5
Q

What is the next step after describing your sample in the quantitative research process?

A

Estimate the parameters in the population.

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6
Q

What is the focus of the study by Chao et al. (2023)?

A

The relationship between TikTok use and psychosocial outcomes.

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7
Q

What was the sample size in the study by Chao et al. (2023)?

A

1,346 Chinese adolescents, aged 12-18 years.

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8
Q

Why is it important to describe your sample in quantitative research?

A

To understand how far you can generalize your findings.

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9
Q

What are the measures of central tendency used in quantitative research?

A

Mode, median, and mean.

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10
Q

What is the mode?

A

The value that appears most frequently in a dataset.

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11
Q

How can the mode be illustrated in data?

A

The mode is the most frequent value in a dataset, as shown in visual representations.

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12
Q

What is an example of a dataset with a clear mode?

A

A dataset where one number appears more frequently than the others.

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13
Q

What is the median?

A

The middle value in a sorted dataset, where half of the data points are above and half are below

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14
Q

How do you find the median of a dataset?

A

Sort the data in ascending order and find the middle value

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15
Q

What is the mean?

A

The average value of a dataset, calculated by summing all values and dividing by the number of data points.

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16
Q

What is a potential issue with using the mean as a measure of central tendency?

A

The mean can be skewed by outliers, leading to misleading conclusions.

17
Q

What is a trimmed mean?

A

A mean calculated after removing a specified percentage of the smallest and largest values in a dataset to reduce the effect of outliers.

18
Q

Why might you use a trimmed mean instead of the regular mean?

A

To minimize the impact of outliers on the average calculation.

19
Q

What are variance and standard deviation?

A

Measures of spread in a dataset, indicating how much the values differ from the mean.

20
Q

How are variance and standard deviation related?

A

Standard deviation is the square root of variance.

21
Q

What do variance and standard deviation tell us about a dataset?

A

They indicate the degree of variability or dispersion in the data.

22
Q

What is the minimum in a dataset?

A

The smallest value in the dataset.

23
Q

What is the maximum in a dataset?

A

The largest value in the dataset.

24
Q

What is the range of a dataset?

A

The difference between the maximum and minimum values in the dataset.

25
Q

What are percentiles, quantiles, quartiles, and the interquartile range?

A

Percentiles divide the dataset into 100 parts; quantiles divide it into equal-sized parts; quartiles divide it into four parts; and the interquartile range is the range between the first and third quartiles.

26
Q

What is the interquartile range (IQR)?

A

The range between the first (Q1) and third (Q3) quartiles of a dataset, representing the middle 50% of the data.

27
Q

How is the interquartile range used in practice?

A

It is used to measure the spread of the middle 50% of the data and identify outliers.

28
Q

What is an example of using the interquartile range?

A

Identifying outliers in a dataset by finding values that fall outside 1.5 times the interquartile range above Q3 or below Q1.

29
Q

What is the purpose of calculating the interquartile range?

A

To understand the spread of the middle portion of data and identify potential outliers.

30
Q

How can the interquartile range help with data interpretation?

A

It provides a clearer picture of central tendency and variability, especially when data is skewed or has outliers.

psych as a science [1st year] (7 decks)

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