Central Nervous System Pt. 2 Flashcards
1st Half of CNS
Brain: Cerebrum, Diencephalon, Cerebellum, Brain Stem
2nd Half of CNS
Spinal Cord
Cerebrum
Regions of Interest for Exercise Physiology
Primary Motor Cortex (Frontal Lobe)
conscious control of skeletal muscle movement
Neurons here are called
pyramidal cells
Pyramidal Cells
cell bodies in primary motor cortex
cell bodies in primary motor cortex
corticospinal tract (axons)
corticospinal tract (axons)
major voluntary control of skeletal muscles –> spinal cord
Why is Cerebrum so important?
This is the part of the brain where decisions are made about movement
Diencephalon contains
thalamus and hypothalamus
Thalamus
sensory relay center
All sensory input except _____ enters here
smell
What does the Thalamus do in detail?
regulates what sensory input reaches the conscious brain (important for motor control)
What does the Thalamus determine?
determines what we are consciously aware of
Hypothalamus
maintains homeostasis (by regulating internal environment)
What does Homeostasis consist of?
Blood pressure, heart rate and contractility, respiration, digestion, body temperature, thirst and fluid balance, neuroendocrine control, appetite and food intake, sleep-wake cycles
Where is the Cerebellum located?
Located behind the brain stem
Cerebellum controls
rapid, complex movements
Cerebellum coordinates
timing, sequence of movements
Cerebellum compares
actual to intended movements and initiates correction
Cerebellum accounts for
body position, muscle status
Cerebellum receives
input from primary motor cortex; helps execute and refine movements
Brain Stem
relays information (both ways) between brain and spinal cord
Brain Stem is composed of:
midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
