Central Nervous System Pt. 2

Question 1

1st Half of CNS

Answer 1

Brain: Cerebrum, Diencephalon, Cerebellum, Brain Stem

Question 2

2nd Half of CNS

Answer 2

Spinal Cord

Question 3

Cerebrum

Answer 3

Regions of Interest for Exercise Physiology

Question 4

Primary Motor Cortex (Frontal Lobe)

Answer 4

conscious control of skeletal muscle movement

Question 5

Neurons here are called

Answer 5

pyramidal cells

Question 6

Pyramidal Cells

Answer 6

cell bodies in primary motor cortex

Question 7

cell bodies in primary motor cortex

Answer 7

corticospinal tract (axons)

Question 8

corticospinal tract (axons)

Answer 8

major voluntary control of skeletal muscles –> spinal cord

Question 9

Why is Cerebrum so important?

Answer 9

This is the part of the brain where decisions are made about movement

Question 10

Diencephalon contains

Answer 10

thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 11

Thalamus

Answer 11

sensory relay center

Question 12

All sensory input except _____ enters here

Answer 12

smell

Question 13

What does the Thalamus do in detail?

Answer 13

regulates what sensory input reaches the conscious brain (important for motor control)

Question 14

What does the Thalamus determine?

Answer 14

determines what we are consciously aware of

Question 15

Hypothalamus

Answer 15

maintains homeostasis (by regulating internal environment)

Question 16

What does Homeostasis consist of?

Answer 16

Blood pressure, heart rate and contractility, respiration, digestion, body temperature, thirst and fluid balance, neuroendocrine control, appetite and food intake, sleep-wake cycles

Question 17

Where is the Cerebellum located?

Answer 17

Located behind the brain stem

Question 18

Cerebellum controls

Answer 18

rapid, complex movements

Question 19

Cerebellum coordinates

Answer 19

timing, sequence of movements

Question 20

Cerebellum compares

Answer 20

actual to intended movements and initiates correction

Question 21

Cerebellum accounts for

Answer 21

body position, muscle status

Question 22

Cerebellum receives

Answer 22

input from primary motor cortex; helps execute and refine movements

Question 23

Brain Stem

Answer 23

relays information (both ways) between brain and spinal cord

Question 24

Brain Stem is composed of:

Answer 24

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Question 25

Reticular formation

Answer 25

specialized neurons in brain stem

Question 26

Reticular Formation coordinates

Answer 26

skeletal muscle function and tone

Question 27

Reticular formation controls

Answer 27

cardiovascular and respiratory function

Question 28

Reticular formation specializes in

Answer 28

pain control system (analgesia system)

Question 29

Opioid substances bind to

Answer 29

receptors here to help modulate pain

Question 30

Spinal Cord is composed of

Answer 30

tracts of nerve fibers that permit two-way conduction of nerve impulses

Question 31

Spinal Cord is

Answer 31

continuous with medulla oblongata

Question 32

One of the two-way conduction of nerve impulse

Answer 32

ascending afferent (sensory) fibers

Question 33

Two of the two-way conduction of nerve impulse

Answer 33

descending efferent (motor) fibers

Question 34

Connects CNS to

Answer 34

PNS