Central Nervous System Infections

Question 1

What are the 3 layers of the cranial meninges?

Answer 1

• Dura Mater
• Pia Mater
• Arachnoid Mater

Question 2

Where is the cerebrospinal fluid?

Answer 2

• Inbetween the Arachnoid mater and pia mater

- Space called the subarachnoid spaces

Question 3

What can damage to the brain and spinal cord cause?

Answer 3

• Deafness
• Blindness
• Learning disabilities
• Paralysis
• Death

Question 4

What does the blood-brain barrier do?

Answer 4

-Protects the nervous system from infection/ pathogens.

Question 5

What is meningitis?

Answer 5

-Inflammation of the meninges

Question 6

What is encephalitis?

Answer 6

-Inflammation of the brain

Question 7

What is meningococcal disease caused by?

Answer 7

-Neisseria meningitidis

Question 8

How many groups of N.Meningitidis have been identified?

Answer 8

-12

Question 9

What groups of meningitis are most likely to cause disease?

Answer 9

A,B,C,X,Y,W

B= Most common in NZ

Question 10

Where is the meningococcal bacteria carried?

Answer 10

• Nose

- Throat

Question 11

What age are the meningococcal carrier rates higher?

Answer 11

-Teens/ young adults

Question 12

How is the meningococcal disease transferred?

Answer 12

-Saliva

Question 13

What increases the risk of getting meningococcal?

Answer 13

• Overcrowded enviroments
• Age
• Ethnicity

Question 14

Symptoms of meningococcal in infants?

Answer 14

• Gradual onset
• Fever
• sleepy or hard to wake
• Rash

Question 15

Symptoms in adults?

Answer 15

• Fever
• Vomiting
• Neck stiffness
• Rash

Question 16

What test can distinguish a petechial rash from other rashes?

Answer 16

-Glass test