Central Nervous System Drugs

Question 1

What are the 2 types of Neuropharmacology?

Answer 1

ANS (Autonomic Nervous System)
- Part of Nervous System that is responsible for the coordination of involuntary function of the body.

COMPONENTS OF ANS:
Sympathetic, Parasympathetic, and Enteric Nervous System.

CNS (central Nervous System)
- The part of the Nervous Systm consisting of the brain and the spinal cord.

COMPONENTS OF CNS:
The brain and spinal cord.

Question 2

What are the 2 different ways on how neurons regulate other cells?

Answer 2

Axonal Conduction: Time required for an action potential to travel from its initiation site near the neuronal to the axon terminal.

Sypnotic Transmission: Formed with other neurons, muscles or glands. It also allows electrical and chemical to message to be trnsmitted from the neuron to other cells in the body.

Question 3

What are CNS drugs?

Answer 3

1. Monoamine
2. Amino Acid
3. Purine
4. Opioid Peptides
5. Nonopioid Peptides
6. Others.

Question 4

What is Monoamine?

Answer 4

Monoamine is important bioactive substances in cns which participates many physiology act from the body

Components under monoamine:
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Serotonin

Question 5

What is Amino Acid?

Answer 5

Amino Acid: It is responsible for stabilizing and mediating most chemical inhibitions in CNS.

components under Amino Acids:
Aspartate
GABA
Glutamate
Glycine

Question 6

What is purine?

Answer 6

It is the one who act as metabolic signals, Is also provides energy, control cell growth, and many more.

Components uner Purine:
Adenosin
Adenosin Monosphate
Adenosin Triposphate

Question 7

What is Opioid Peptides?

Answer 7

It is responsible to lessen the sensitivity of humans and animals by inducing euphoria and many more.

Component under opioid Peptide:
Dynorphines
Endorphins
Enkaphalins

Question 8

What is Nonopioid Peptide?

Answer 8

It is use to treat mild and moderate acute and chronic pain.

Components under Nonopioid Peptides:
Neurotensin
Oxytocin
Somatostatic
Substance P
Vasopressin

Question 9

What is BBB in CNS?

Answer 9

BBB stands for Blood Brain Barrier
it impedes the entry of drugs into the brain, It composed of many cell types. In addition, It is also a roadblock to microorganisms such as Bacteria, Fungi, Viruses, or Parasites.

Question 10

Why childrens are much more sensitive to CNS drugs than Adults?

Answer 10

Since drug effecta are differ in children, there may various difficulties in measuring small but significant effects because of the outcome measure are more difficult to assess in childrens.

Question 11

What will happened when prolonging the use of CNS drugs?

Answer 11

The client who prolonged the use of cnh drugs might experience feeling light headed and dizziness followed by frequently by unusual auditory disturbances such as difficulty on focusing.

Question 12

What is Decrease Side Effect?

Answer 12

It helps to slow down brain activity to make them effective for treating many conditions.

Question 13

What is Increased Therapeutic Effect?

Answer 13

To overcome the inherent instability of biologic which impairs than pharmacokinetics.

Question 14

What is Tolerance?

Answer 14

Tolerance is a persons diminished repsonse to the drug, which occurs when the drugs is used repeatedly and the body adopt to be continued to the body.

Question 15

It is a condition in which a person take a drug overtime.

Answer 15

Physical Dependence
In addition, It also has unpleasant symptoms occur if the drugs is suddenly stopped or takeb a smaller doses.

Question 16

What is Parkinson’s Disease?

Answer 16

It is caused by loss of nerve cells in the part of the brain called the substancia nigra. Nerve cells in this part of the brain are responsible for producing a chemical called depamine. The loss of nerve cells is a slow process.

Effects of Parkinson’s Disease:
Genetics
Environment Factors
Medication
Other brain conditions

Question 17

What are the two (2) types of Drug Deployed?

Answer 17

Dopaminergic Drugs:
It is medications that work by imitating the actions of dopamine when levels are low. These medications improve. Conditions related symptoms by fooling the brain into thinking dopamine is available.

Anticholinergic Drugs:
Drugs that block and inhibit the activity of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) typically used to refer to antimuscarinics which competitively inhibit the binding of ACh to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.

Question 18

What is Epilepsy?

Answer 18

This is a chronic medical disorders or conditions, that usually resulting in unpredictable, unprovoked recurrent seizures that affect a variety of mental and physical function.

Question 19

What is Seizure?

Answer 19

Seizures is the individual occurance of normal electrical activity in the brain.

2 TYPES OF SEIZURE:
(1) partial Seizures:
It happens when unusual electrical activity affects a small area of the brain.

Causes of partial seizure: Nerve cells in the brain send out sudden excessive uncontrolled electrical signals.

(2) Generalized Seizures:
Occurs when the abnormal electrical activity causing a seizure beginsnin both halves (hemisphere) of the brain at the same time.

Cause of Generalized Seizures: Abnormal Electrical Activity throughout the brain.

Question 20

What is Convulsion?

Answer 20

It is general term that people use to describe uncontrolled muscle contractions. It can happen in a specific part of the body.

Cause of Convulsion:
Epileptic Seizure
Febrile Seizure
Non Epileptic Seizure
Medication Reaction
Migranes