Central Dogma.1

Question 1

Why is central dogma important

Answer 1

1. Creation of Vaccines
2. Creation of hormones
3. Reproduction of viruses

Question 2

Difference of DNA to gene

Answer 2

DNA - entire material
Gene - only a portion of DNA

Question 3

Undergoes transcription and translation

Answer 3

Genes

Question 4

Where is genes found

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 6

This controls the production of proteins

Answer 6

Genes

Question 7

Substances that determine the traits of an organism

Answer 7

Proteins

Question 8

proteins for structure

Answer 8

Structural Proteins

Question 9

Proteins for process

Answer 9

Functional Proteins

Question 10

Example of structural proteins

Answer 10

• keratin
• histones
• actin and myosin (muscles)

Question 11

Example of functional proteins

Answer 11

• hormones
• enzymes

Question 12

Organisms are made mainly of

Answer 12

Proteins

Question 13

The kind and amount of protein determines the

Answer 13

Size, shape, and characteristics

Question 14

A thread-like structure that contains DNA or genetic material

Answer 14

chromosomes

Question 15

Where are chromosomes found

Answer 15

Inside nucleus of a cell

Question 16

During mitosis where does the chromosomes go

Answer 16

Cytoplasm

Question 17

Chroma

Answer 17

Colored

Question 18

Soma

Answer 18

Body

Question 19

Organizes very long strands of DNA + histones

Answer 19

Chromosomes

Question 20

First 22 pairs are called

Answer 20

Autosomes

Question 21

Last pair is called

Answer 21

Allosomes

Question 22

The P arm and Q arm are held together by

Answer 22

Centromere

Question 23

Specializes in DNA that joins the sister chromatids together

Answer 23

Centromere

Question 24

Protection at the end of an arm

Answer 24

Telomere

Question 25

Describes the flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein

Answer 25

Central Dogma

Question 26

Stages of Central Dogma

Answer 26

1. Replication 2. Transcription 3. Translation

Question 27

DNA TO DNA

Answer 27

Replication

Question 28

DNA TO mRNA

Answer 28

Transcription

Question 29

mRNA TO PROTEINS

Answer 29

Translation

Question 30

Stores genetic information

Answer 30

Nucleic acids

Question 31

Building block of nucleic acids

Answer 31

Nucleotides

Question 32

DNA and RNA are made up of long chain of

Answer 32

nucelotides

Question 33

Nucleotides are made up of

Answer 33

- 5 carbon sugar - Phosphate group - Nitrogenous base

Question 34

Double ringed

Answer 34

Purines

Question 35

Single ringed

Answer 35

Pyrimidines

Question 36

What bond holds nitrogenous bases together

Answer 36

Hydrogen bonds

Question 37

What are the purines

Answer 37

G and A

Question 38

What are the pyrimidines

Answer 38

C, T, U

Question 39

Why is thymine replaced

Answer 39

Uracil is important in protein synthesis

Question 41

Why are stop codons important

Answer 41

They terminate protein synthesis

Question 42

Order of nucleotide in a gene

Answer 42

Nucleotide sequence

Question 43

Codes for a specific polypeptide chain

Answer 43

Nucleotide sequence

Question 44

A series of 3 nucleotides that correspond to a specific amino acid

Answer 44

Codons

Question 45

What bond holds amino acid together

Answer 45

Peptide bonds

Question 46

Stop codon

Answer 46

UAG, UGA, UAA

Question 47

Start Codons

Answer 47

AUG

Question 48

Location of dna

Answer 48

Nuclei, but can be find rin sa cytoplasm and mitochondria

Question 49

Location of RNA

Answer 49

cytoplasm, but makikita rin sa nucleus

Question 50

Attachment sites

Answer 50

5 prime and 3 prime

Question 51

In what direction does DNA run in?

Answer 51

Anti Parallel direction

Question 52

They were able to establish and read the sequences in a human person

Answer 52

Human zgenome project

Question 54

In human genome project, results allow what?

Answer 54

Allowed patients to know all the important and vital information about themselves

Question 55

Entirety of your DNA strands

Answer 55

Genomes

Question 56

Where our DNA strands coil

Answer 56

Histones

Question 57

Proteins clumped together, forming a ball

Answer 57

Histones

Question 58

Funtion of DNA

Answer 58

Long term storage of genetic info

Question 59

Funtion of rna

Answer 59

To transfer genetic info in organisms

Question 60

Trisomy 21

Answer 60

Down syndrome

Question 61

Extra one strand of chromosome in karyotype

Answer 61

Trisomy

Question 62

Lacks one strand of chromosome in karyotype

Answer 62

Monosomy

Question 64

facilitate specific coupling of trna anticodons with mrna codons in protein synthesis

Answer 64

Ribosomes

Question 65

synthesize proteins that function in the cytosol

Answer 65

Free ribosomes

Question 66

make proteins of the endomembrane system and proteins that are secreted from the cell

Answer 66

Bound ribosomes

Question 67

2 types of hormones

Answer 67

Steroidal and non-steroidal

Question 68

Enters the nucleus and performs the entire central dogma

Answer 68

Steroidal Hormones

Question 69

They do not perform central dogma and donnot enter the nucleus

Answer 69

Non-steroidal