Cell Differentiation And Reproductive Cloning Flashcards
When a cell becomes different from its parent or sister cell
Cell differentiation
Can retard fetal growth
Cigarette smoke
May cause fetal alcohol syndrome such as heart defects, limb abnormalities
Alcohol
Can pass through placenta leading to low birth weight, premature birth
Prescription and over the counter medication
May kill a fetus or caus abnormalities
Illegal drugs
Can cause low birth weight, affects growth and development
Chemicals in air, water, and soil
Leads to miscarriages or brith defects
Radiation
HIV, syohilis, rubella
Intrauterine infections
Producing a copy of an entire organism
Reproductive cloning
Reproductive cloning requires an
Undifferentiated cell
Methods of reproductive cloning
- embryo splitting
- somatic cell nuclear transfer
- therapeutic cloning
Embryo splitting
- Egg in vitro
- Divide until 8th stage
- Cell is seperated
- surrogate mothers
- Exact copy of the others
Somatic cell nuclear transfer
- Unfertilized egg
- Somatic cell, inserted to unfertilized egg
- Fuse into one
- Implanted to surrogate mother
- true clone of adult orgaanism
Cloning of human cells for treating specific diseases ir conditions
Therapeutic cloning
Therapeutic cloning
Remove a single cell from patient, nurture and develop it, differentiate into the cell type needed
loss of control of cell division and differentiation
Tumor
Substantial increase in the rate of cell
division.
Hyperplasia
Rapidly dividing cells develop into a
Discrete mass called tumor
Not all tumors are cancerous t or f
True
Tumor that remains in one place as a single well defined mass of cells
Benign tumors
Mass enlarges but stays well contained
Benign tumors
When does a tumor become cancer
Cells completely lose all semblances of organization, structure and regalutory control
Abnormal structure change
Dysplasia
Already has dysplasia but entire tumor remains in one place
Situ tumor
