Cencorship + Propoganda Flashcards
What was one of the easiest ways of ensuring obedience ?
Getting people to support the new government
Who was the minister of propaganda?
Dr Josef Goebbels
What did Goebbels establish?
The Reich Chamber of Culture which helped him to ensure obedience and support of the new government
What were the Nuremberg rallies?
They were light, sound and costume propaganda shows held every August that created crowds up to half a million people. This was to display the Nazis power and their ideals to the public
When did Nazi propaganda efforts reach their height?
The spectacle of the 1936 Olympic Games, held in Berlin
How did the Propaganda Ministry apply its censorship?
They censored cinema, theatre, music and literature to ensure all culture reflected Nazi thinking and played propaganda clips before movies
What did the 1934 Law against malicious gossip outlaw?
Anti Nazi stories and jokes
How many authors were banned?
2500
Give the date and how many books were burned in Berlin
The writings of over 2500 authors were banned and in May 1933, 20,000 books by banned authors were burned
Give one example of a propaganda film which displayed Nazi views
‘The eternal jew’ were produced to portray the Jewish race in a negative way
Who were the Nazi publishers ?
Most newspapers were brought up by Eher Verlag
Which law held writers accountable for the content of their newspapers?
The Editors’ Law.
What did editors have to do during the Nazi regime?
Attend daily Propaganda Ministry briefings to be told what to print
How many people owned a radio by 1939?
70% of households owned one
Name one other Nazi film
Triumph of the Will about the 1934 Nuremberg Rally
How much of the newspapers did the Nazis own?
By 1939 the Nazis owner 69% of newspapers
What were cheap radios called and why were they encouraged ?
People‘s Receivers were encouraged to be able to listen to Nazi broadcasts
What were Germans prevented from listening to ?
Jazz music and foreign radio stations such as the BBC
How was propaganda used in art ?
Exhibitions of ‘degenerate’ art were organised, showing people the ‘bad’ work of modern artists such as Otto Dix
How did Hitler view propaganda ?
In his book, Mein Kampf (1925) he had praised the power of propaganda to control the masses (whose perception he held to be ‘extremely limited and weak’) Control of the media was therefore a key Nazi aim
How was control of media achieved ? (6)
- Most newspapers were brought up by Eher Verlag, the Nazi publishers. By 1939, the Nazis owned 69% of the newspaper titles in circulation. Newspapers that printed stories the regime disapproved of were shut down
- The Editors’ Law held editors responsible for the content of their newspapers. Editors went to a daily Propaganda Ministry briefing to be told what to print. Only journalists that were approved by the government could work in the media
- Posters used powerful images and slogans to convey Nazi messages
- Nazis took control of all radio stations while foreign radio stations couldn’t be picked up by their ‘People’s Receivers’ radios made by the Reich Radio Company. By 1939 70% of households owned one
- Loudspeakers were erected in public places and in workplaces
- Propaganda films such as Triumph of the 28 inspired people with the Nazi image and the Eternal Jew just promoted hatred
Posters used powerful images and slogans to convey Nazi messages
- Nazis took control of all radio stations while foreign radio stations couldn’t be picked up by their ‘People’s Receivers’ radios made by the Reich Radio Company. By 1939 70% of households owned one
Impact of propaganda and censorship on the German people (4)
Posters used powerful images and slogans to convey Nazi messages
- Nazis took control of all radio stations while foreign radio stations couldn’t be picked up by their ‘People’s Receivers’ radios made by the Reich Radio Company. By 1939 70% of households owned one
Impact of propaganda and censorship on the German people (4)
- Some historians have suggested that the Nazi government failed to establish a new Nazi Volksgemeinschaft and some propaganda e.g Nazi attacks on the church backfired
- Others suggest that Nazi propaganda was successful when it appealed to values many Germans already possessed: nationalism, anti-Semitism and admiration for Hitler’s leadership (Hitler Myth)
- Nazis realised that young people were more impressionable than the old and create a generation of people so fanatically loyal that they fought to the bitter end in WW2
- Many Germans simply closed their ears to anything which presented the government in a bad light - they knew what was going on but chose to ignore it. If this is true, Nazi propaganda can be said to have been highly effective because it persuaded the German people to allow the Nazis to implement their policies
