Cencorship + Propoganda

Question 1

What was one of the easiest ways of ensuring obedience ?

Answer 1

Getting people to support the new government

Question 2

Who was the minister of propaganda?

Answer 2

Dr Josef Goebbels

Question 3

What did Goebbels establish?

Answer 3

The Reich Chamber of Culture which helped him to ensure obedience and support of the new government

Question 4

What were the Nuremberg rallies?

Answer 4

They were light, sound and costume propaganda shows held every August that created crowds up to half a million people. This was to display the Nazis power and their ideals to the public

Question 5

When did Nazi propaganda efforts reach their height?

Answer 5

The spectacle of the 1936 Olympic Games, held in Berlin

Question 6

How did the Propaganda Ministry apply its censorship?

Answer 6

They censored cinema, theatre, music and literature to ensure all culture reflected Nazi thinking and played propaganda clips before movies

Question 7

What did the 1934 Law against malicious gossip outlaw?

Answer 7

Anti Nazi stories and jokes

Question 8

How many authors were banned?

Answer 8

2500

Question 9

Give the date and how many books were burned in Berlin

Answer 9

The writings of over 2500 authors were banned and in May 1933, 20,000 books by banned authors were burned

Question 10

Give one example of a propaganda film which displayed Nazi views

Answer 10

‘The eternal jew’ were produced to portray the Jewish race in a negative way

Question 11

Who were the Nazi publishers ?

Answer 11

Most newspapers were brought up by Eher Verlag

Question 12

Which law held writers accountable for the content of their newspapers?

Answer 12

The Editors’ Law.

Question 13

What did editors have to do during the Nazi regime?

Answer 13

Attend daily Propaganda Ministry briefings to be told what to print

Question 14

How many people owned a radio by 1939?

Answer 14

70% of households owned one

Question 15

Name one other Nazi film

Answer 15

Triumph of the Will about the 1934 Nuremberg Rally

Question 16

How much of the newspapers did the Nazis own?

Answer 16

By 1939 the Nazis owner 69% of newspapers

Question 17

What were cheap radios called and why were they encouraged ?

Answer 17

People‘s Receivers were encouraged to be able to listen to Nazi broadcasts

Question 18

What were Germans prevented from listening to ?

Answer 18

Jazz music and foreign radio stations such as the BBC

Question 19

How was propaganda used in art ?

Answer 19

Exhibitions of ‘degenerate’ art were organised, showing people the ‘bad’ work of modern artists such as Otto Dix

Question 20

How did Hitler view propaganda ?

Answer 20

In his book, Mein Kampf (1925) he had praised the power of propaganda to control the masses (whose perception he held to be ‘extremely limited and weak’) Control of the media was therefore a key Nazi aim

Question 21

How was control of media achieved ? (6)

Answer 21

• Most newspapers were brought up by Eher Verlag, the Nazi publishers. By 1939, the Nazis owned 69% of the newspaper titles in circulation. Newspapers that printed stories the regime disapproved of were shut down
• The Editors’ Law held editors responsible for the content of their newspapers. Editors went to a daily Propaganda Ministry briefing to be told what to print. Only journalists that were approved by the government could work in the media
• Posters used powerful images and slogans to convey Nazi messages
• Nazis took control of all radio stations while foreign radio stations couldn’t be picked up by their ‘People’s Receivers’ radios made by the Reich Radio Company. By 1939 70% of households owned one
• Loudspeakers were erected in public places and in workplaces
• Propaganda films such as Triumph of the 28 inspired people with the Nazi image and the Eternal Jew just promoted hatred

Question 22

Posters used powerful images and slogans to convey Nazi messages
- Nazis took control of all radio stations while foreign radio stations couldn’t be picked up by their ‘People’s Receivers’ radios made by the Reich Radio Company. By 1939 70% of households owned one
Impact of propaganda and censorship on the German people (4)

Answer 22

Posters used powerful images and slogans to convey Nazi messages
- Nazis took control of all radio stations while foreign radio stations couldn’t be picked up by their ‘People’s Receivers’ radios made by the Reich Radio Company. By 1939 70% of households owned one
Impact of propaganda and censorship on the German people (4)
- Some historians have suggested that the Nazi government failed to establish a new Nazi Volksgemeinschaft and some propaganda e.g Nazi attacks on the church backfired
- Others suggest that Nazi propaganda was successful when it appealed to values many Germans already possessed: nationalism, anti-Semitism and admiration for Hitler’s leadership (Hitler Myth)
- Nazis realised that young people were more impressionable than the old and create a generation of people so fanatically loyal that they fought to the bitter end in WW2
- Many Germans simply closed their ears to anything which presented the government in a bad light - they knew what was going on but chose to ignore it. If this is true, Nazi propaganda can be said to have been highly effective because it persuaded the German people to allow the Nazis to implement their policies