CEN 1 Hematology Flashcards
Decreased cellular perfusion secondary to lack of circulating volume
Hypovolemic shock
Decreased cellular perfusion secondary to failure of the central pump
Cardiogenic shock
Decreased cellular perfusion secondary to maldistribution of the oxygen to the periphery
Distributive shock
Decreased cellular perfusion secondary to obstruction of blood into or out of the ventricles (e.g.
pulmonary embolism, pericardial tamponade, tension pneumothorax)
Obstructive shock
name 7 different types of obstructive shock
Pregnancy, tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, pulmonary embolism, aortic aneurysm, aortic stenosis, excessive positive end expiratory pressure or PEEP
what is the mnemonic for remembering what receptors affect what part of the body
- We have ONE heart and Beta-ONE receptors mainly affect the heart
(contractility, automaticity, heart rate, etc.). We have TWO lungs and Beta-TWO receptors
affect mainly the lungs (bronchodilation, respiratory rate, etc.)
this Stimulates a system
agonist
this Diminishes the response of a system
antagonist
How would an alpha-adrenergic agonist affect the blood pressure?
answer needed
How would an anticholinergic affect the pulse rate?
answer needed
How would a beta-blocker affect the respiratory rate?
answer needed
Inflammatory mediators are released in response to either foreign invasion of tissue or tissue damage. They
have three main courses of action: what are they
Vasodilation, Increased capillary permeability, Increased coagulation
name two isotonic solutions used to treat hypovolemic shock
normal saline, lactated ringer solution
what blood type is considered the universal donor?
O negative
what blood product does not have to be ABO compatible
platelets
Give three examples of distributive shock
Neurogenic shock, septic shock, anaphylactic shock
name 7 causes of neurogenic shock
Spinal cord injuries above T4 - T6, Brain injury, Spinal or general anesthesia, CNS depressants, Hypoxia, Lack of glucose or excessive insulin (insulin shock), Vasovagal syncope