Cellular Respiration Vocab Flashcards
Anabolic
Building of complex molecules from multiple simpler ones.
Anaerobic Respiration
ATP synthesis without oxygen being regularly delivered to the tissues.
Catabolic
Breaks down molecules
Chemiosmosis
Ions moving across a selectively permeable membrane and going down the concentration gradient to make ATP.
Citric Acid Cycle
A series of reactions to release the energy stored in nutrients through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbs, fats, and proteins.
Coenzyme
A protein serving as a cofactor. Most vitamins function as coenzymes in metabolic reactions.
Cytochrome
Protein that helps with redox reactions and makes up the electron transport chain (ETC)
Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
A sequence of electron carrier molecules (membrane proteins) that move electrons down a series of redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP.
FAD (Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide)
Coenzyme associated with many proteins ; involved with several enzymatic reactions in metabolism. STEALS ELECTRONSSnatches the electrons
Fermentation
The process by which a pyruvate is broken down without oxygen, creatin1g ATP, and a byproduct.
Glycolysis
Splits glucose into pyruvate.
NAD+ ( Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide positive)
A coenzyme that acts as an electron carrier.
(takes electrons)
NADH
Generates energy in the body
Oxidation
The complete or partial loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction.
Oxidative Phosphorylation
The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an ETC. Reduces oxygen production to make ATP.
