cellular respiration in germinating peas

Question 1

glycolysis is the process from

Answer 1

1 glucose turns to = 2 “NADH, 2 “ATP”

Question 2

Acetyl-CoA synthesis and Krebs Cycle

Answer 2

2 Pyruvate turns to = 8 NADH, 2 FADH, 2 ATP

Question 3

Electron-Transport Chain

Answer 3

10 NADH, 2 FADH turns to = 32 ATP

Question 4

the pyruvate synthesized during what?

Answer 4

glycolysis

Question 5

what does pyruvate convert to?

Answer 5

acetyl-CoA

Question 6

how does pyruvate convert to acetyl-CoA?

Answer 6

in the presence of oxygen, once acetyl enters mitochondria, it converts

Question 7

what extra is created in the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?

Answer 7

one molecule of carbon dioxide & one molecule of NADH

Question 8

acetyl-CoA is metabolized through what SIX REACTIONS

Answer 8

Krebs Cycle or Citric Acid Cycle

Question 9

Krebs Cycle or?

Answer 9

Citric Acid Cycle

Question 10

Citric Acid Cycle or?

Answer 10

Krebs Cycle

Question 11

each molecule of acetyl-CoA is metabolized to produce what?

Answer 11

2 molecules of CO2, some ATP, electrons

Question 12

what are the extra “Kreb’s Cycle” electrons used for?

Answer 12

they are transfered to yeild reduced forms) NADH and FADH

Question 13

what are the “reduced” electron-carrier molecules?

Answer 13

NADH & FADH2

Question 14

what does the electron-transport chain synthesize?

Answer 14

ATP

Question 15

what is the electron transport chain?

Answer 15

its a membrain-ey protein chain that collects electrons and hydrogen. The transporters switch between “reduced” and “oxidized” forms within the cell.

Question 16

what are the “oxydised” electron molecules

Answer 16

NAD+ & FAD

Question 17

the transporting of the electrons through the transport train creates extra energy used to-

Answer 17

-put hydrogen ions into the membrane of the mitochondria

Question 18

hydrogen accumulating into membrane creates what?

Answer 18

an ion gradient, creating electrochemical imbalance across the membrane

Question 19

what is the electrochemical imbalance used to create?

Answer 19

ATP

Question 20

what is ATP synthase?

Answer 20

a membrane chain that gets activated by hydrogen flow, this makes a part of it spin and drive ATP production

Question 21

what does each glucose molecule produce?

Answer 21

approx. 38 ATP

Question 22

what does the electro-transport chain produce for each pyruvate

Answer 22

16 ATP

Question 23

what does the electro-transport chain need to produce 16 ATP

Answer 23

a pyruvate molecule

Question 24

Avogadro’s law?

Answer 24

At constant temperature
and pressure, 1 mole of any gas has the
same volume as 1 mole of any other gas.

Question 25

aerobic cellular respiration produces?

Answer 25

36 ATP molecules for each glucose molucules

Question 26

when the electrons reach the final step of the electron-transport chain...

Answer 26

...electrons and hydrogen are transported to oxygen, forming water

Question 27

all organisms require (blank) to fuel the cellular process

Answer 27

captured and stored energy

Question 28

what is a respirometer?

Answer 28

a device that measures oxygen consumption

Question 29

photosynthesis

Answer 29

which synthesizes sugars that support cellular metabolism from the energy of the sun

Question 30

how do plants get energy when they germinate underground?

Answer 30

cellular respiraiton

Question 31

energy is in which chemical bonds?

Answer 31

carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Question 32

when the chemical bonds of sugar are metabolized, they are stored in?

Answer 32

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 33

what is the main form of energy used in cells?

Answer 33

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 34

energy is stored in an ATP's....

Answer 34

three-phosphate tail

Question 35

when an ATP's phosphate bond is broken and the phosphate is removed

Answer 35

adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is produced, this all releases a large amount of energy that is harnested by cellular processes

Question 36

within each cell there is a constant cycling between-

Answer 36

ATP (energy stored in bonds) and ADP (product of released ATP) to power the cells processes

Question 37

4 processes of (ACR) aerobic cellular respiration

Answer 37

glycolysis, (acetyl-coA) synthesis, Krebs cycle, electron-transport chain

Question 38

glycolysis

Answer 38

is a series of 10 reactions that converts a 6-carbon glucose into molecules called pyruvate's

Question 39

glycolysis occurs in the

Answer 39

cell cytoplasm

Question 40

glycolysis produces

Answer 40

4 ATP molecules and 2 NADH molcules

Question 41

cells may undergo aerobic cellular respiration if (blank) is present

Answer 41

oxygen

Question 42

aerobic cellular respiration produce energy by

Answer 42

matabolizing the derivatives of glucose