Cellular Respiration and Fermentation Flashcards
Memorize Citric Acid Cycle, Glycolysis, Electron Transport Chain
Fermentation
a catabolic process where sugar is degraded or other organic fuel that occurs without the use of oxygen
Aerobic respiration
oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with organic fuel to produce energy
cellular respiration
the aerobic process of reactants the harvest chemical energy without oxygen
Redox Reactions
The transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another
Loss of e- is oxidation and reduction is addition of e-
Electron Transport Chain
a number of molecules built built into an inner membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells that move electrons and produce energy via pathways
Stages of Cellular Respiration
- glycolysis
- pyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle
- oxidative phosphorylation
Glycolysis
occurs in the cytosol; begins the degradation process by breaking down glucose into pyruvate
Oxidative phosphorylation
electron transport and chemiosmosis for atp synthesis
Citric Acid Cycle
a metabolic furnace that oxidized organic fuel derived from pyruvate
ATP Synthase
the enzyme that makes atp from adp and inorganic phosphate
Chemiosmosis
an energy coupling mechanisms that uses energy stored in the for of a proton gradient across a membrane to drive cellular work
alcohol fermentation
fermentation where pyruvate is converted to ethanol by the release of carbon dioxide from the pyruvate then reduction of acetaldehyde to supply nadh
lactic acid fermentation
fermentation of pyruvate directly to nadh
obligate anaerobes
only carry out fermentation of anaerobic respiration
facultative anaerobes
can make atp via fermentation when needed as well as respiration