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Honors BIo > Cellular Respiration > Flashcards

Cellular Respiration Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Acetate

A

One of the products of the intermediate step of cellular respiration and one of the reactants of the Krebs cycle.

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2
Q

Acetyl CoA

A

The temporary molecule that is formed when coenzyme A binds with acetate to deliver it into the Krebs cycle

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3
Q

Aerobic Respiration

A

Respiration that requires the presence of oxygen to occur

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4
Q

Alveoli

A

The functional units of the lungs, which allow for gas exhange

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5
Q

Anaerobic Respiration

A

Respiration that occurs without the presence of oxygen

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6
Q

Aorta

A

The largest artery of the human body

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7
Q

Arteries

A

Blood vessels that carry blood away/out of the heart and to either the lungs or body

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8
Q

Arterioles

A

The blood vessels that arteries branch into before becoming capillaries

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9
Q

ATP Synthase

A

The membrane protein that allows ATP to be synthesized while it spins to generate energy to bind ADP and P

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10
Q

Circulatory System

A

The body system that allows materials such as oxygen, wastes, and nutrients to be transported around the body

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11
Q

Cristae

A

The folds in the inner mitochondrial membrane

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12
Q

Coenzyme A

A

The coenzyme that binds with acetate in order to deliver it into the Krebs cycle from the intermediate step

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13
Q

Decomposition Reactions

A

Reactions that break down larger molecules and form smaller ones, while releasing energy from the bonds

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14
Q

ETC

A

Electron Transport Chain, the main step of producing ATP in cellular respiration

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15
Q

FAD

A

The oxidized form of the electron carrier FADH2

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16
Q

FADH2

A

An electron carrier that delivers electrons to the ETC in cellular respiration

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17
Q

Facultative Aerobe

A

An organism that can use either aerobic or anaerobic respiration to acquire energy based on the environment

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18
Q

Alcoholic Fermentation

A

A form of fermentation that produces ethanol in its process to produce NAD+ in order to continue Glycolysis and producing ATP

19
Q

Lactic Acid Fermentation

A

A form of fermentation that produces lactate in its process to produce NAD+ in order to continue Glycolysis and producing ATP

20
Q

Glycolysis

A

The first stage of cellular respiration, during which glucose is broken down into two pyruvate and NADH, as well as some ATP

21
Q

Heart

A

The main organ of the circulatory system, which pumps blood around the body

22
Q

Hemoglobin

A

The iron-rich substance in red blood cells that binds to oxygen in order to transport it

23
Q

Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

A

The innermost of two mitochondrial membranes, where the ETC of cellular respiration takes place

24
Q

Intermembrane Space

A

The space in a mitochondrion between the two membranes

25
Q

Krebs Cycle

A

The second stage of cellular respiration, during which electron carriers are produced to bring electrons to the third and final stage, the ETC

26
Q

Kidneys

A

Two organs part of the excretory system that remove nitrogenous wastes in the blood

27
Q

Larynx

A

The voice box in animals where sound can be produced, part of the respiratory system

28
Q

Lungs

A

The two main organs of the respiratory system, which inflate and deflate while inhaling and exhaling

29
Q

Matrix

A

The space inside of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion

30
Q

NAD+

A

The oxidized form of the electron carrier NADH

31
Q

NADH

A

The primary electron donor of cellular respiration, namely the ETC

32
Q

Nose

A

A part of the respiratory system, where air is first inhaled and last exhaled

33
Q

Obligate Aerobes

A

Organisms that can’t survive long without oxygen, and perform only aerobic respiration

34
Q

Obligate Anaerobes

A

Organisms that are poisoned by oxygen and perform only anaerobic respiration

35
Q

Oxidation

A

The loss of electrons

36
Q

Pharynx

A

A part of the respiratory system, the back of the throat

37
Q

Pyruvate

A

The molecule of which two are produced during Glycolysis

38
Q

Red Blood Cells

A

One component of the circulatory system, which carries oxygen by binding to it

39
Q

Reduction

A

The gain of electrons

40
Q

Synthesis Reactions

A

Reactions that build larger molecules from smaller ones, require input energy to form bonds

41
Q

Trachea

A

A part of the respiratory system, the wind pipe, which carries air into the lungs

42
Q

Urine

A

The liquid through which nitrogenous wastes are eliminated from the body

43
Q

Veins

A

Blood vessels that carry blood into the heart

44
Q

Respiratory System

A

The body system that involves the taking in and releasing of various gases, mainly oxygen gas and carbon dioxide to fuel cellular processes

Honors BIo (7 decks)

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