Cellular Respiration

Question 1

What is Glycolysis

Answer 1

The breakdown of glucose to pyruvate in the cytoplasm

Question 2

State the 3 Things in Glycolysis

Answer 2

1. ATP is required for the phosphorilation of glucose and intermediates during the energy invsment phase.
2. This leads to the generation of more ATP uring the energy Pay -Off stage
3. This results in a net gain of ATP
4. Dehydrogenase enzymes remove hydrogen
   ions and electrons and pass them to the
   coenzyme NAD, forming NADH. T

Question 3

What happens if oxygen is present at the end of Glycolysis

Answer 3

1. Pyruvate is broken down to an acetyl group that combines with coenzyme A forming** Acetyl coenzyme A

Question 4

Describe the 3 Stages of the Citric acid cycle

Answer 4

1. Acetyl group from acetyl coenzyme A combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate
2. During a series
   of enzyme-controlled steps, citrate is
   gradually converted back into oxaloacetate
3. This results in the generation of ATP and release of carbon dioxide

Question 5

Where does the citric acid cycle occur?

Answer 5

In the Matrix of of the mitochondria.

Question 6

Wheres does NADH Happen?

Answer 6

Glycolisis and Citric acid cycle.

Question 7

2 Things

Describe the role of NAD and NADH

Answer 7

1. Dehydrogenase enzymes remove hydrogen
   ions and electrons and pass them to the
   coenzyme NAD, forming NADH.
2. The hydrogen ions and electrons from NADH
   are passed to the electron transport chain on
   the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 8

What is the electron transport chain?

Answer 8

a series of carrier proteins attached to the inner
mitochondrial membrane.

Question 9

Describe the electron transport chain.

Answer 9

1. electrons are passed
   along the electron transport chain releasing
   energy.
2. This energy allows hydrogen ions to be
   pumped across the inner mitochondrial
   membrane. The flow of these ions back
   through the membrane protein ATP synthase
   results in the production of ATP.
3. hydrogen ions and electrons combine
   with oxygen to form water.

Question 10

What is the role of ATP

Answer 10

ATP is used to transfer energy to cellular
processes which require energy.