Cellular Respiration

Question 1

What is ATP? Know its structure and function in a cell.

Answer 1

• adenosine triphosphate
• cells useable source of energy
• when energy is released becomes a low energy molecule ADP
• made up of adenine, ribose and three phosphate

Question 2

What is the purpose of cellular respiration?

Answer 2

process which energy of glucose is released and converted into ATP(useable energy for cell)

Question 3

List 2 differences between Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration

Answer 3

Aerobic, requires oxygen and produces 30-32 ATP

Anaerobic, occurs when no oxygen is available and produces much less ATP

Question 4

What is the balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration.

Answer 4

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Question 5

What is the worded equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and animal cells.

Answer 5

Alcoholic(PLANTS): Glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide + 2ATP

Lactic Acid(ANIMALS): Glucose → lactic acid + 2ATP

Question 6

Know the structure of a mitochondrion.

Answer 6

Has double membrane, own DNA, can reproduce in cell, structure includes:
Cristae - folds in the inner membrane
Matrix - liquid between cristae
Inner membrane
Outer membrane

Question 7

Know the THREE stages of aerobic respiration and where they occur in a cell.

Answer 7

1) GLYCOLYSIS - 2ATP
function: glucose split into 2 pyruvate molecules
location: cytoplasm

2) KREBS CYCLE - 2ATP
function: pyruvate is broken down and CO2 is released
location: inside matrix

3) ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN - 26-28ATP
function: uses oxygen to produce water
location: on the cristae

Question 8

Explain why anaerobic respiration does not make as much ATP as aerobic respiration.

Answer 8

the breakdown of glucose is incomplete with the absence of oxygen