Cellular Respiration

Question 1

what is the point of cellular respiration

Answer 1

to make ATP

Question 2

where does cellular respiration happen

Answer 2

in the mitochondria

Question 3

how is most of the energy stored

Answer 3

in a sugar form, proteins, carbohydrates, and fats

Question 4

what is energy transferred to

Answer 4

ATP

Question 5

cells transfer the energy in organic compounds (especially glucose) to ATP through what process

Answer 5

cellular respiration

Question 6

what is cellular respiration

Answer 6

the process cells use to harvest the energy in organic compounds

Question 7

what do chloroplasts make

Answer 7

sugar

Question 8

what are the 3 phases of cellular respiration

Answer 8

1. glycolysis
2. citric acid cycle / krebs cycle
3. electron transport chain

Question 9

where does glycolysis take place in

Answer 9

the cytoplasm

Question 10

what does glycolysis do

Answer 10

tears 1 molecule of glucose in half producing 2 molecules of pyruvate

Question 11

what is pyruvate

Answer 11

• 3 carbon compound
• the end product of glycolysis, which is converted into acetyl COA that enters the Krebs cycle when there is sufficient oxygen available

Question 12

what tears the 1 molecule of glucose in half producing 2 molecules of pyruvate

Answer 12

ATP energy

Question 13

when glucose is broken down some of its hydrogen atoms and electrons are transferred to an electron acceptor called what

Answer 13

NAD+

Question 14

what does NADH do

Answer 14

carries electrons to ETC

Question 15

for cellular respiration to continue what needs to happen to NADH

Answer 15

turn NADH into NAD+ in order to make it available to accept more electrons

Question 16

what is NADH

Answer 16

electron carrier

Question 17

where is the ETC

Answer 17

on the inner membrane of mitochondria

Question 18

what molecules does glycolysis produce

Answer 18

4 ATP molecules

Question 19

what happens to the 4 ATP molecules that glycolysis produces

Answer 19

2 ATP molecules leave and 2 stay

Question 20

what else does glycolysis produce

Answer 20

NADH

Question 21

what is the end product of glycolysis

Answer 21

pyruvate

Question 22

what does pyruvate depend on

Answer 22

oxygen

Question 23

if oxygen is NOT available, pyruvate is metabolized in the cytoplasm by a process called what

Answer 23

fermentation - glycolysis without oxygen

Question 24

what are reactions without oxygen called

Answer 24

anaerobic

Question 25

if there is oxygen then where does pyruvate enter

Answer 25

mitochondrion mix

Question 26

if oxygen is in the reaction what is it called

Answer 26

aerobic

Question 27

how is acetic acid produced

Answer 27

pyruvate enters the matrix where carbon dioxide is enzymatically removed from pyruvate

Question 28

NAD+ removes electrons to form what

Answer 28

NADH which goes to ETC

Question 29

the remaining acetic acid joins an enzyme called what

Answer 29

coenzyme a

Question 30

what does coenzyme a do

Answer 30

puts things together

Question 31

coenzyme a and the acetic acid formed together make what

Answer 31

acetyl COA

Question 32

if 4 carbons are added to the acetyl group and the coenzyme a is removed then what is it called

Answer 32

citric acid

Question 33

what is the purpose of the citric acidic cycle or the krebs cycle

Answer 33

to make NADH which is an electron carrier

Question 34

where does the krebs cycle take place

Answer 34

in the mitochondrial matrix

Question 35

after kreps what happens

Answer 35

NADH and FADH contain a lot of energy that was stored in glucose and pyruvate