Cellular respiration Flashcards
Reduction
Oxidation reaction -A^e- +B -> A+ B^e-
Anaerobic
breakdowns of glucose
Catabolic
occurs in both aerobic respirations and anaerobic respiration
Glycolysis takes place in ?
Cytoplasm
Glycolysis Net Yield
2ATP , 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate
Amphibolic Pathway
doesn’t produce much ATP, but
provides electrons to power
oxidative phosphorylation.
citric acid cycle takes place
mitochondrial matrix (in
eukaryotes)
citric acid net yield
2 ATP, 8 NADH,
2 FADH₂, and 4 CO₂
Oxidative phosphorylation
the final stage of aerobic respiration
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in
inner mitochondrial membrane
Oxidative phosphorylation net yield
32 ATP
*Fermentation
is anaerobic, meaning it occurs in the absence of oxygen. Some cells cannot
use an alternate final electron acceptor, and rely only on glycolysis to produce ATP. NAD+
molecules are recycled by other organic molecules to use again in glycolysis
- lactic Acid fermentation
starts with glycolisis
the 2 pyruvates are reduced by NADH to produce 2 NAD+ and 2 lactic acid
Ethanol Fermentation
Starts with Glycosis -> pyruvates are decarboxylated -> intermediate acetaldehyde is
reduced by NADH, producing 2
NAD+ and 2 ethanol
Glycosis Step 1-3
Priming Reactions
Glycosis Step 1-3: Priming Reactions
priming-glucose is converted into fructose 1, 6 bisphosphate, requires two ATP
Glycosis Step 4-5
cleavage-fructose 1, 6 biosphate is split -> two glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (3) and goes into 4ATP, 4ADP
Glycolysis Steps 6-10
Oxidation and ATP formatting two G3P are oxidized, 2NAD+ are reduced, two Pi are added to each -> 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) -> Two pyruvates, four ATP are generated
Proteins
broken down into amino acids followed by deamination (removal of the group ) remainder can be added as intermediates in glycolysis or the citric acid cycle
Lipids
broken down into fatty acids and glycerol, fatty acids undergo oxidation-fatty
oxidation
fatty acids are converted into acetyl groups and CoA is added -> acetyl- CoA, the process is oxygen-dependent
