Cellular Respiration

Question 1

Low energy molecule composed of adenosine and two phosphate groups.

Answer 1

ADP

Question 2

Anabolism

Answer 2

Energy consuming metabolic process often in the form of a biosynthetic pathway.

Question 3

High energy molecule composed of adenosine and three phosphate groups.

Answer 3

ATP

Question 4

ATP synthase

Answer 4

Enzyme that catalyses the synthesis of ATP.

Question 5

Catabolism

Answer 5

General name for a metabolic process involving the breakdown of complex to simpler molecules and normally releasing energy.

Question 6

Cellular respiration

Answer 6

Series of metabolic pathways which release energy from food allowing ATP to be re-generated.

Question 7

Dehydrogenase

Answer 7

Enzyme that removes hydrogen ions and high energy electrons from the respiratory substrate.

Question 8

Role played by ATP between energy releasing and energy consuming reactions.

Answer 8

Energy transfer

Question 9

Respiratory substrate that provides energy for the regeneration of ATP.

Answer 9

Glucose

Question 10

Enzyme controlled process by which a phosphate group is added to molecule often making it more reactive.

Answer 10

Phosphorylation

Question 11

Pi

Answer 11

Inorganic phosphate group needed to make ATP from ADP.

Question 12

Compound is formed from pyruvate and coenzyme A in the presence of oxygen.

Answer 12

Acetyl coenzyme A

Question 13

Gaseous product of aerobic respiration (and fermentation in plant cells).

Answer 13

Carbon dioxide

Question 14

Metabolite formed from oxaloacetate and an acetyl group.

Answer 14

Citrate

Question 15

Citric acid cycle

Answer 15

Circular metabolic pathway of stages controlled by enzymes that remove hydrogen ions from the respiratory substrate.

Question 16

Electron transport chain

Answer 16

Group of protein molecules in a mitochondrial membrane which make energy available to pump hydrogen ions across the membrane.

Question 17

First phase of glycolysis which requires ATP.

Answer 17

Energy investment

Question 18

Second phase of glycolysis which generates ATP.

Answer 18

Energy payoff

Question 19

Product of fermentation in plant cells.

Answer 19

Ethanol

Question 20

Fermentation

Answer 20

Form of cellular respiration involving partial breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen.

Question 21

Complex carbohydrates which can be broken down to glucose for use as the respiratory substrate.

Answer 21

Glycogen and starch

Question 22

Glycolysis

Answer 22

Metabolic pathway which breaks down glucose into pyruvate.

Question 23

Location of electron transport chains in cells.

Answer 23

Inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 24

Lactate

Answer 24

Product of fermentation in animal cells.

Question 25

NAD

Answer 25

Coenzyme molecules that act as hydrogen acceptors.

Question 26

Metabolite in the citric acid cycle which combines with an acetyl group to form citrate.

Answer 26

Oxaloacetate

Question 27

Oxygen is the…

Answer 27

Final hydrogen acceptor which combines with hydrogen ions (and electrons) to form water.

Question 28

Compound formed when glucose undergoes glycolysis.

Answer 28

Pyruvate

Question 29

Water

Answer 29

Final product of aerobic respiration when oxygen combines with hydrogen.