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BIO150 > Cellular respiration > Flashcards

Cellular respiration Flashcards

1
Q

aerobic harvest food of energy

A

cellular respiration

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2
Q

cellular respiration is an _____ process

A

aerobic

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3
Q

what are the 2 gases exchanged during respiration

A

oxygen & carbon dioxide

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4
Q

exchange of carbon dioxide produced during cellular respiration for atmospheric oxygen

A

breathing

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5
Q

using oxygen to help harvest energy from glucose and produces carbon dioxide in the process

A

cellular respiration

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6
Q

what is C6H12O6

A

glucose

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7
Q

organic molecules are broken down to harvest chemical energy which is stored in the bonds of ATP

A

cellular respiration

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8
Q

a substance that loses electron is considered as

A

oxidation

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9
Q

a substance that gains hydrogen atom is considered as

A

reduction

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10
Q

a substance that loses hydrogen atom is considered as

A

oxidation

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11
Q

a substance that gains electron is considered as

A

reduction

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12
Q

the fuel that is being oxidized in cellular respiration

A

glucose

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13
Q

substance that is being reduced in cellular respiration

A

oxygen

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14
Q

glucose will undergo oxidation and ____ electron and hydrogen

A

lose

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15
Q

substance that will gain hydrogen atom

A

oxygen

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16
Q

products of cellular respiration

A

carbon dioxide, water, energy

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17
Q

state the product of this process:

C6H12O6 + 6O2 ->

A

6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

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18
Q

name 2 electron carriers involved in cellular respiration

A

NAD+ , FAD+

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19
Q

electron carriers will be ____ in cellular respiration

A

reduced

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20
Q

NAD+ will be reduced to _____

A

NADH

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21
Q

FAD+ will be reduced to _____

A

FADH2

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22
Q

glucose and other organic molecules are broken down in a _____

A

series of steps

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23
Q

what is meant by the series of steps in cellular respiration

A

transferring electrons

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24
Q

electrons from organic compound are not _______ to oxygen

A

transferred directly

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25
Q

electrons are passed to ______ instead of passed directly to oxygen

A

electron carriers

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26
Q

can NADH be transformed into its original form?

A

yes

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27
Q

how can NADH be transformed to NAD+ back again?

A

through oxidation

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28
Q

how to ensure that the electrons can be passed to oxygen through NADH

A

NADH must pass the electrons so that it can be deoxidized to NAD+

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29
Q

can NADH function as a carrier again?

30
Q

name the process that passes electrons in a series of steps instead of one explosive reaction

A

the electron transport chain

31
Q

explain the significance of electron transport chain

A

there will be a controlled release of energy.

no energy wasted

32
Q

why cant we opt for the one explosive reaction?

A

it will release a lot of heat energy that cant be used

33
Q

state the equation for reduction of NAD+

A

NAD+ –> NADH + H+

34
Q

state the equation for reduction of FAD

A

FAD –> FADH2

35
Q

______ represent the stored energy that can be tapped to make ATP when electron complete their fall down an energy gradient

A

electron carriers

36
Q

state the name of ATP

A

adenosine triphosphate

37
Q

a substance that stores and transport energy within cells

38
Q

ATP is also known as the _____

A

universal energy carrier

39
Q

ATP is a nucleotide with _____ bonds

A

unstable phosphate

40
Q

what is being hydrolyzed for energy in ATP

A

the unstable phosphate bond

41
Q

coupling of exergonic reactions to endergonic reactions is a process that is done by ____ to _____

A

by ATP to power cellular work

42
Q

what is released when an ATP is hydrolyzed?

43
Q

3 substance that combine together to make ATP

hint: prn

A

phosphate group, ribose, nitrogenous base(adenine)

44
Q

name a substance that has 5-carbon sugar

45
Q

breaking the high energy bonds between the last 2 phosphate in ATP is a _____ process

A

hydrolysis

46
Q

how do we get the energy from ATP?

A

by breaking the high energy bonds between the last 2 phosphate group in ATP

47
Q

is the hydrolysis of ATP an exergonic/endergonic reaction?

48
Q

7.6 kcal of energy

A

energy released when a mole of ATP is hydrolyzed

49
Q

name 3 mechanisms to generate ATP

hint : sop

A

substrate-level phosphorylation
oxidative phosphorylation
photophosphorylation

50
Q

name the process that transfers a high-energy phosphate group from a substrate directly to ADP

A

substrate-level phosphorylation

51
Q

what is meant by oxidative phosphorylation?

A

harvest of energy from food

52
Q

name the process where food is oxidized and the energy is extracted by an electron transport chain

A

oxidative phosphorylation

53
Q

chemiosmosis

A

a process to make ATP

54
Q

name the process of harvesting energy from sunlight

A

photophosphorylation

55
Q

a process where the light energy is used to generate electron

A

photophosphorylation

56
Q

movement, anabolic process, secretion, active transport is the significance of _____

57
Q

ATP –> ADP + P

is this an exergonic or endergonic reaction

58
Q

will the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP + P release energy?

59
Q

ADP + P –> ATP

is this an exergonic or endergonic reaction

A

endergonic

60
Q

does the synthesis of ATP from ADP needs energy?

61
Q

what is the enzyme involved in the synthesis of ATP

A

ATP synthase

62
Q

what is the enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of ATP

63
Q

_____ is a metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose

A

cellular respiration

64
Q

is cellular respiration anabolic or catabolic? explain the reason.

A

catabolic. because larger glucose breaks into smaller molecules.

65
Q

state 3 stages of cellular respiration

hint: gko

A

glycolysis
kreb’s cycle
oxidative phosphorylation

66
Q

a process that breaks down into 2 molecules of pyruvate

A

glycolysis

67
Q

a process that completes the break down of glucose

A

kreb cycle

68
Q

the other name for kreb cycle

A

citric acid cycle

69
Q

a process that accounts for most of the ATP synthesis

A

oxidative phosphorylation

70
Q

where does the glycolysis occurs?

71
Q

where does the kreb cycle occurs?

A

mitochondria

72
Q

where does the oxidative phosphorylation occurs?

A

mitochondria

BIO150 (14 decks)

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