Cellular Respiration 1-3 Flashcards
What is facilitated transportation?
Movement of certain substances across the cell membrane by channels or transport proteins
-No energy required.
What is active transportation?
Movement of certain substances against their gradient moving from an area of low to high concentration through channels or transportation proteins.
-Energy Required
What is oxidation reaction?
When an atom loses an electron or hydrogen atom.
What is reduction reaction?
When an atom or molecule gains an electron or hydrogen atom.
What is Phosphorylation? What are the two types?
Making ATP from ADP+P. There is substrate level phosphorylation, and oxidation phosphorylation.
What is Hydrolysis?
The breaking of phosphate bonds from ATP > ADP+P using water. (Releases Energy)
What are some properties of NADH & FADH2?
They have potential chemical energy available when they are reduced.
They supply high energy electrons to the electron transport chain as they are oxidized. (Bonds broken, ATP produced)
What is the rundown of Cellular Respiration?
Using glucose and oxygen to convert the energy stored in glucose into usable energy for the cell (ATP)
Cellular Respiration takes place in 4 stages, what are they?
1) Glycolysis: Cytoplasm.
2) Pyruvate Oxidation: Mitochondrial Matrix.
3) Kreb’s Cycle: Matrix of Mitochondria.
4) Electron Transport Chain & Chemiosmosis: Inner membrane of mitochondria.
What is Glycolysis? Where does it take place?
(Stage 1) Glycolysis is an anaerobic process that oxidizes 6 glucose molecules into (2) 3 pyruvic acid molecules. It takes place in the Cytoplasm of the cell.
-NADP+ > NADH. -ADP+P > ATP.
What is Pyruvate Oxidation? Where does it take place?
(Stage 2) In the Mitochondrial Matrix, One carbon is lost to form acetyl molecule. This joins to coenzyme A to form “Acetyl Co-A”
-NAD+ > NADH.
What is the Kreb’s Cycle? Where does it take place?
(Stage 3) In the matrix of the mitochondria. Acetyl CoA is oxidized (Loses e-)
NAD+ > NADH. ADP+P > ATP. FAD > FADH2
What is Chemiosmosis? Where does it take place?
A process that produces most of the ATP for cellular respiration. This is done by the ATP synthase and H+ ions that move down its channel. As H+ moves through, space energy is released.
What is Oxidative Phosphorylation?
The processes of the Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis put together.
What is Anaerobic respiration? Why isn’t oxygen used?
Anaerobic respiration is respiration that is done without the use of molecular oxygen. NADH and FADH2 cannot give off their electrons without oxygen, so they’re given to an electron acceptor.
