Cellular Reproduction, Cellular Respiration, and Photosynthesis Flashcards
Asexual reproduction
Only one organism is needed for reproduction. All offspring are genetically identical to the parent and each other. All prokaryotes reproduce this way.
Binary Fission
When a prokaryotic cell copies its DNA and splits in half. Simple reproduction because there is only one parent and two daughter cells.
Sexual Reproduction
Two organisms produce offspring that have genetic characteristics from both parents. Provides greater genetic diversity within a population.
Cell cycle
regulates cellular division. Determines wither a cell divides or does not
Interphase
The cell grows and copies its DNA. Made up of G1, S, and G2 phases
M (miotic) phase
division of the two new cells can occur
G1
The first gap phase, during which the cell prepares to copy its dna
S
The synthesis phase, during which DNA is copies
G2
The second gap phase, during which the cell prepares for cell division
Mitosis
A form of cell divions where two identical nuclei are produced from one nucleus
Prophase
Nuclear membrane disappears and organelles move out of the way.
Prometaphase
Microtubules begin to attach to the centromeres at the center of the chromosome.
Metaphase
Spindle fibers line the chromosomes at the center of the cell.
Anaphase
The chromosomes are pulled to the opposite poles of the cell
Telophase
the chromosomes de-condense, the nuclear membrane reappears and other parts of the cell return to their usual places.
Meiosis
Sexual Cell division in Eukaryotes. Involves two phases of mitosis that take place on after another.
Cellular Respiration
The Process by which mitochondria break down glucose to produce ATP.
