Cellular Regulation Flashcards
The nurse would incorporate which of the following into the plan of care as a primary prevention strategy for reduction of the risk for cancer?
Using skin protection during sun exposure while at the beach
Primary prevention of cancer involves avoidance to known causes of cancer, such as sun
exposure.
While collecting a health history on a patient admitted for colon cancer, which of the following questions would be a priority to ask this patient?
“Have you noticed any blood in your stool?”
Early colon cancer is often asymptomatic, with occult or frank blood in the stool being an
assessment finding in a patient diagnosed with colon cancer
While planning care for a patient experiencing fatigue due to chemotherapy, which of the
following is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
Prioritization and administration of nursing care throughout the day
Pacing activities throughout the day conserves energy, and nursing care should be paced as
well.
The nurse is caring for a patient who received a bone marrow transplant 10 days ago. The nurse would monitor for which of the following clinical manifestations that could indicate a potentially life-threatening situation?
Mild temperature elevation
During the first 100 days after a bone marrow transplant, patients are at high risk for life-threatening infections. The earliest sign of infection in an immunosuppressed patient can be a mild fever.
While the nurse is obtaining the health history of a 75-year-old female patient, which of the
following has the greatest implication for the development of cancer?
Advancing age
According to the American Cancer Society, the most important risk factor for cancer
development is advancing age
In caring for a patient following lobectomy for lung cancer, which of the following should the
nurse include in the plan of care?
Instruct the patient to cough and deep breathe
Postoperative deep breathing and coughing is important to promote oxygenation and clearing of secretions
A female patient complains of a “scab that just won’t heal” under her left breast. During your conversation, she also mentions chronic fatigue, loss of appetite, and slight cough, attributed to allergies. What is the nurse’s best action?
Continue to conduct a symptom analysis to better understand the patient’s symptoms and concerns.
A comprehensive health history is vital to treating and caring for the patient. Often times, symptoms are vague. The nurse should conduct a symptom analysis to gather as much
information as possible. Questions should address the duration of the symptoms and include the location, characteristics, aggravating and relief factors, and any treatments taken thus far.
What is the priority nursing diagnosis for a patient experiencing chemotherapy-induced anemia?
Fatigue related to decreased cellular oxygenation
Decreased numbers of red blood cells (RBCs) result in decreased cellular oxygenation and
less energy.
A patient with prostate cancer is taking estrogen daily to control tumor growth. He reports that
his left calf is swollen and painful. Which of the following would be the nurse’s best action?
Measure the calf circumference and compare the measurement with the right calf circumference measurement.
An adverse reaction to hormonal manipulation therapy is the development of thrombus
formation. Massaging a calf that is swollen and painful is never correct, because this action might break a clot, causing formation of an embolus, which could then travel to the lungs.
A patient is not certain whether she and her family should participate in a genetic screening plan. She asks the nurse why the X-linked recessive disorder that has been noted in some of her family members is expressed in males more frequently than in females. What is the nurse’s best response?
“The disease tends to show up in males because they do not have a second X chromosome to balance the expression of the gene.”
Because the number of X chromosomes in males and females is not the same (1:2), the number of X-linked chromosome genes in the two genders is also unequal. Males have only one X chromosome for any gene on the X chromosome. As a result, X-linked recessive genes have a dominant expressive pattern of inheritance in males and a recessive expressive pattern of inheritance in females. This difference in expression occurs because males do not have a second X chromosome to balance the expression of any recessive gene on the first X
chromosome.
A cancer patient’s susceptibility to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) can be suspected with which of the following laboratory results?
Serum sodium of 120 mmol/L
In SIADH, there is increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior pituitary gland, leading to increased water reabsorption from the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. As a result, weight increases and serum sodium and hematocrit levels are diluted, and, hence, a low serum sodium level is seen.
