Cellular Injury L37

Question 1

Cell injury

Answer 1

Metabolic and Morphological changes in the cells resulting when cells are stressed so severely that no longer able to adapt

Question 2

The effects of cell injury depends upon ?

Answer 2

• Severity of injurious agent
• Duration of injurious agent

Question 3

decrease amount of O2 in the tissue

Answer 3

Hypoxia

Question 4

What causes Hypoxia?

Answer 4

Ischemia
hypoxemia
Anemia

Question 5

Define Ischemia and give examples

Answer 5

reduced blood flow e.g. arterial occlusion and atherosclerosis

Question 6

Define hypoxemia and give examples

Answer 6

decrease amount of O2 in blood(high altitude)

Question 7

Anemia occurs when?

Answer 7

Decreased oxygen carrying capacity of the blood

Question 8

Physical agents such as

Answer 8

mechanical trauma, burn electric

Question 9

Example for Chemicals that causes cell injury

Answer 9

drugs, Strong acids or alkalines,smoke,heavy metals.

Question 10

Example for Infections that causes cell injury

Answer 10

Bacteria,viruses, parasitres

Question 11

Example for Immunologic Reactions that causes cell injury

Answer 11

autoimmune diseases

Question 12

Example for Radiations that causes cell injury

Answer 12

ionizing rad, x-rays, microwaves

Question 13

Example for Nutritional imbalance that causes cell injury

Answer 13

malnutrition, obesity

Question 14

Causes of cell injury

Answer 14

(1)Hypoxia
(2)Physical agents
(3)Chemicals
(4)infection
(5)Immunologic Reactions
6)Radiation
(7)Nutritional imbalance
(8)Genetic & Enzymatic disorders

Question 15

Mechanisms of cell injury

Answer 15

1-ATP depletion
2-Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
3- Disturbance of intracellular calcium
4- Defects in membrane permeability
5- Mitochondrial damage
6-Accumulation of misfolded proteins